1-angle iron (angle), (); 2-leg (flange, ) 3....T-steel girders, ; 3-T-iron (tec-iron), (^ ), 4-vertical leg, ; 5-flaage, ; 6-H-girder,(H-l>eam), .;
7-E-channel (channel iron), ^^;8-&4, ;
9-square iron, ^-; 10-flat bar, ; tl-strip steel, (); 12-ironwire, ; 13...SO-serewswaSbelts, ; 13-hexagonat-fepad bolt, ; 14-bead, ; 15-shank, ; 16-thread, ; 17-washer, ();
18-hexagonal nut, ; 19-spHt pin, ; 20-rounded'e'ad, ; 21-width of head (of flats), i&HO%;-.32-stud, ;
23-point (end), (); 24-castlenut (castellated nut), &^25-111 for the split pin, ; 26-cross-head screw, a snect-metal screw (self-tapping screw), ( );
27-hexagonal socket head screw, ;,.
28-countersunk-head bolt, () ; 29-c^tch, ;
30-locknut (locking nut), ; 31-bolt (pin), ;
32-cotlar-head bolt, ; 33-set collar (integral collar), ; 34-spring washer (washer);pya ( ); 35-round nut, an adjusting nut, , ; 36-cheese-head screw, a slotted screw, , ; 37-tapered pin, ; 38-screw slot (screw slit, screw groove), ;
39-sauare-head bolt, ; 40-grooved pin, a cylindrical pin, , ; 41-T-headbolt, ;
42-wing nut (fly nut, butterfly nut), -; 43-rag bolt, '();
44-barb, ; 45-wood screw, ( ); 46-countersunk head, ; 47-wood screw thread, ; 48-grub screw, ; 49-pin slot (pin slit, pinjs^oove),;, 56-round end, ; 51-nail (wire nail),, ( ); 52-head, (); 53-shank, ; 54-point, ; 55-roofing nail, ;
56-riveting (lap riveting), ; 57.,.60-rivet, ; 57-sel head (swage head, die head), a rivet head, ; 58-rivet shank, ;
59-closing head, ; 60-pitch of rivets, ;
61-shaft, ; 62-chamfer (bevel), ; 63-journal, ; 64-neck, ; 65-seat, ;
66-keyway, ( ); 67-conical' seat, ;
68-thread, ; 69-ball bearing, an antifriction bearing, , ; 70-steel ball (ball), ;
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71 -outer race, ; 72-inner race, ; 73.,.74-keys, ; 73-sunk key (feather), ;
74-gib (gib-beaded key), ; 75.,.76-needle roller bearing, ; 75-needle cage, ; 76-needle, ; 77-castle nut, ; 78-split pin, ; 79-casing, ; 80-casing cover, ; 81-grease nipple (lubricating nipple), ; 82...96-gear wheels, cog wheels, , ; 82-stepped gear wheel, ; 83-cog (tooth), ; 84-space between teeth, ; 85-keyway (key scat, key slot), ( ); 86-bore, ; 87-herringbone gearwheel, ;
88-spokes (arms), ; 89-helical gearing (helical spur; wheel), () ; 90-sprocket, ; 91-bevel gear wheel (bevel wheel); ; 92.,.93-spiral toothing, ; 92-pinion, ; 93-crown wheel, .
Hull framing
1. Sheer strake
2. Side strake
3. Bilge strake
4. Bilge keel
5. Bottom plating
6. Flat plate keel (keel plate)
7. Stringer (side stringer)
8. Tank margin plate
9. Longitudinal side girder
10. Center plate girder (kelson, keelson, vertical keel)
11. Tank top plating plating (tank top, inner bottomplating)
12. Senter strake
13. Deck plating
14. Deck beam
15. Frame
16. Floor plate
17. Cellular double bottom
18. Hold pillar
19. Side battens (side ceiling, spar ceiling)
20. Selling (flor ceiling)
21. Hatch coaming
22. Hatch cover (hatchboard)
23. Guard reil
24. bulwark
25. Rudder stock
26. Rudder blade
27. Rudder post
28.Propelerpost
29. Propeller
30. Draft marks
31. Bow, stem
32. Hawse
33. Hawse pipe
34. Anchor cable
35. Stockless anchor
36. Stocked anchor
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Floating dock
1. Side tank (wall)
2. Bottom tank
3. Keel block
4. Bilge block (side support)
5. Flooded floating dock
6. Tug towing the ship
7. Emptied (pumped out) dock
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT API
lignum vnae
pintle
CAST STEEL STERN FRAMES
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Stresses
TENSION
| STRESSES |
| -L |
| COMPRESSION SHEAR |
TORSION
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My - torsion moment <p - angle of torsion
Stress is load or force acting per unit area and is usually expressed in kilogrammes per square millimetre or Pa ().
Strain is the distortion () in a material due to stress. Stresses are of three main types:
Sensile - forces acting m such a direction as to increase the lengu. Coi^pressive - forces acting in such a direction as to decrease the leflgth. Shear ' the effect of two forces acting in opposite directions and along parallel lines. The forces act in such a direction so as to cause the various parts of a section to slide one on the other. Stress is proportional to the distance from neutral axis passes through. centroid of the section.
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Strength of materials.
When a force, or a load, is appUed to a solid body it tends to change the shape of the body. When the applied force is removed the body wiUrestQrei^.ori^ria shape. This property of returning to their original shape is termed 'e^Mlate'.
Should the applied force be large enough, the resistance offeredbythematerial will be overcome and when the force is removed the body will no longer return to its original shape and will become permanently distorted.
The point at which the body ceases to be elastic and becomes ^^ distorted is termed 'yield point' and the load which is applied to eausethis istffr ' 'yield point load*. The load is then said to have undergone 'plastic deformation or now*.
Whenever a change of dimensions of a body occurs a state of strain is set up in that body.
allowable stress bending
bending moment v elasticity
elastic deformation elastic limit elongation fatigue
fatigue stress fracture.rupture ductile fracture hardness loading "plasticity
rigidity, stiffness safety factor shear strength stress
stress concentrator tensile strength torsion yield point
' ^,,
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(.)
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Spanners and pliers
a - diagonal cutting nipper and "alligator", pipe grip and spanner in one; b - combination pliers;
- screwdrivers; d - spanners and ajustable wrenches
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Hammers and chisels a - hammers; b - flat cold chisel and crosscut shisel
1 ________ 6
3 8
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5__________
1. Combination Wrench 6. Ratchet Handle
2. Box End 7. Socket Extension
3. Ratchet Box End 8. Standard Socket
4. Hinged Offset Socket Handle (Breaker Bar) 9. Impact Socket
5. Speeder Handle 10. Universal Socket
SOCET EXTENSIONS
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UNIVERSAL JOINT
' Allows access to a bolt from an angle. Ideal for use in confined areas where direct access is impossible.
SOCKET EXTENSION.
Allows the tightening of a bolt in a recessed area. Extensions are available in any of the various drive sizes (1/4", 3/8", etc).
Wrench to provide required mechanical leverage to hold, twist or turn an object such as a nut or bolt
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Sockets and key sets
Clamp and pressure gauge Multy-meter
