1. Now scientists need a range of new skills, and they need .
a) to know how to discuss the latest discoveries and inventions in the circle of like-minded.
b) to learn them quickly in order to be successful.
2. Scientific research is about .
a) discovering new things and applying them to improvements in life style for people and animals.
b) disseminating and explaining what scientists do and discover the implications and applications of potential benefits of their inventions.
3. Many universities now offer pre-PhD courses, either as .
a) an optional PhD course
b) an obligatory foundation year of PhD study.
4. Scientific research is about discovering the truth, so dishonesty .
a) cannot be avoided.
b) should have no place.
5. Doing is the essential part in .
a) setting up, modifying and validating techniques, conducting experiments, collecting and analyzing data, preparing talks.
b) reading the literature, assessing current information, establishing hypotheses, designing experiments.
6. Each scientist has a responsibility .
a) to every individual and to the human tissue or subject that they use in their experiments.
b) to the scientific community only.
7. The public is becoming more aware, more knowledgeable and often more concerned about .
a) non-scientific research.
b) the impact of science and technology on their lives.
Task 2. Match the words to their definitions (Part 1). Complete the sentences with these words. Some words should be used more than once (Part 2).
Part 1.
| 1. impact 2. improvement 3. termination 4. issue 5. hypothesis 6. regulation 7. supervisor 8. concern | a) a subject that people discuss or argue about, especially relating to society, politics or a problem that needs to be considered; b) a rule, law, contract that states what you must do; c) a feeling of worry about something, especially one that a lot of people have about an important issue or something that worries you; d) a period of work that is divided into two separate parts with a long break between them; e) an idea that attempts to explain something but has not yet been tested or proved to be correct; f) someone who is in charge of an activity, a place, or a group of people such as workers or students; g) an effect or an influence; h) the end of an agreement, job, or situation; i) the state of being better than before, or the process of making something better than it was before; j) a law or rule that stops people from doing something. |
Part 2.
1. Taking the time to find a who will complement your research and learning style will help to ensure the success of this relationship.
2. Her paper discusses the likely of global warming on climate change.
3. There were about the way the department was organized.
4. Internet shopping has begun to have a serious on traditional bookshops.
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5. There is growing about the safety of mobile phones.
6. Its a website devoted to environmental .
7. There has been an in relations between the two countries.
8. Darwin offered a working for the mechanism of evolution.
9. The board may order the of all research activities.
10. Eighteen percent of people said unemployment was their main .
Task 3. Find the verbs in the text that mean:
1. To succeed in keeping away from something dangerous or undesirable or to prevent from happening.
2. To rule over by right of authority.
3. To bring to light something previously unknown.
4. To carefully consider a situation, person or problem in order to make a judgment or to calculate what something costs or is worth.
5. To achieve something that you planned to do or attempted to do.
6. To think about something carefully or to have a particular opinion about something.
7. To include something as a necessary part of an activity, event or situation.
8. To use your strength to fight against something, to try hard to do something that you find very difficult.
LANGUAGE ACTIVITY
Task 4. Read the extract from a UK universitys web page. Find words in the text that mean:
1. A judgement of the quality of students work.
2. To choose something.
3. A special mark given to students who produce work of an excellent standard.
4. One of the units which together make a complete course taught especially at a college or university.
5. A piece of written work.
6. To put ones name on an official list of course members.
7. The process of having the necessary qualities or fulfilling the necessary conditions.
8. A qualification between a Bachelors degree and a Masters degree.
9. A meeting to discuss and/ or perform practical work in a subject.
10. The unit which represents a successfully completed part of a course.
11. A collection of documents that represents a persons work.
12. The most important parts of a course of study that all students must do.
13. The parts of a course which can be chosen.
Diploma/MA in English language and Culture
Qualification. Diploma or MA. Duration: One year full-time or two years part-time. The course is a 180-credit course consisting of 120 credits of core and elective modules plus a 60-credit dissertation module. Core modules are obligatory. Candidates not wishing to proceed to the MA may opt for the Diploma (120 credits without dissertation).
Course description. The course covers all major aspects of present-day English language and culture. Topics include grammar, vocabulary, language in society, literature in English. Elective modules only run if a minimum of ten students enroll. The modules consist of a mixture of lectures, seminars, workshops and tutorials.
Assessment. A 3,000-word assignment must be submitted for each core module. Elective modules are assessed through essays, projects and portfolios. The word limit for the dissertation is 12,000 to 15,000 words.
Candidates must achieve a pass grade in all four core modules (20 credits each) plus 40 credits in elective modules (minimum of 30 credits in the English Department plus 10 optional credits from modules offered by other departments), and, for MA, must pass the dissertation module (60 credits).
Candidates who achieve a grade average of 70% or more over all modules may be eligible for a distinction.
