[ai] [Ə:] [aiƏ]
high – her – hire lie – learn – lion my – mirth – mire
tie – term – tire why – were – wire buy – bird – buyer
fine – fir – fire sigh – sir – sire pie – per – pyre
dime – dirty – diet fight – further – fiat die – dirt – dire
light – lurk – liar fly – fur – fire wide – word – wire
Activity 3. Read the sentences. Mind the reading rules.
I admire your fireplace.
I’m sure he is Irish.
If you hire a car, you pay the owner.
His main responsibility is hiring and firing.
I’m not entirely sure.
I require having a rest.
We are entirely sure, he is a great scientist.
She had a great desire to inspire him.
All things conspired to please him.
Dire means very severe or serious.
I’m very tired.
We are against violence on TV.
PART III. STRESS
| № | Rules | Types of reading | Examples | |
| на границе слогов нет согласных | I | mo●at, ro●ad, gi●ant | ||
| на границе слогов одна согласная: | ||||
| любая согласная кроме ‘r’ | I, II | pa●jer, me●lon, o●pen | ||
| буква ‘r’ | IV | dia●ry, sha●ring, du●ring | ||
| на границе слоговдве согласные: | ||||
| любые согласные кроме ‘R’ | II | pen●guin, les●son, fin●ger sup●port | ||
| ‘rr’ | II | cher●ry, mar●ry, lor●ry | ||
| ‘r’ + согласная (‘r’ – не произносится) | III | por●tray, her●self, sur●vey | ||
| Буквосочетания sh, ck, tch, ch, dg, ng – на границе слогов рассматриваются как две согласные | bu●shel, ja●cket, ca●tchy, tea●cher, bud●get. sin●ger | |||
| особые случаи | ||||
| Буква ‘x’, передающая два звука, рассматривается как две согласные | boxer [bok●sǝ] |
Activity 1. Read the words.
A. boat – boatman cheer – cheerful science – scientific
boast – boastful load – loading trial – trial run
coat – coating biology – biological diary – diarist
bound – boundary diagnose – diagnostic diabetes – diabetic
coast – coaster diamond – diamonds flyer – flying
flower – flowerbed fluid – fluidity fuel – fuelling
giant – giantess ruin – ruinous cruel – cruelty
B.
§ dialect – dialectic – dialectics – dialectical
§ theatre – theatergoer – theatrical – theatrics
§ theory – theoretical – theoretician – theorist
§ fluent – fluency – fluently
§ violent – violence – violently
§ coast – coaster – coastal – coast-to-coast
§ goal – goalpost – goalkeeper
Activity 2. Read the words.
A. basic famous gamer rating open photo
phrasal poker paper ivy tulip lupin
fever final finance finely flaming fluted
fogey glider graded hokum holy homing
style hotel humour iced icon idea
B. begin become modest limit pity polish
premise present pretend product produce profit
propose rapid resist result salon satin
saver secret sector seven solid telex
uniform unity variant very vicious video
C. cure – curing wire – wiring share – sharing
dare – daring pair – pairing stare – staring
parents, plural, siren, during, rarely, raring, prior, sparing
D. basket billion bitter button
camber channel chapter connect
consist folder splendid pension
pencil party include cascade
angel computer concern confident
different escape fellow neglect
offend helper pastry taste
E. arrange barrier borrow borrower
carrel carriage carrot carry
horror narrow narrate terribly
cherry parrot terror terrify
territory terrace porridge sorrow
merry marriage worry carrier
Activity 3. Read the words. Distribute the words according to the rules
in columns.
territory, different, theatre, cycle, plural, symbol, wire, become, marriage, humour, coast, seldom, limit, button, theory, siren, load, angel, very, biology, escape, horror, cover, goal, stare, salon, folder, labour, famous, borrow, prior,
| 2 гласные | 1 согласная | ‘r’ | 2 согласные | ‘rr’ |
| tyrant | hurry |
| № | Rules | Examples |
| 1. | В словах без приставок ударение падает на первый слог. ? ™ | 'baker, 'author, 'problem |
| 2. | В наречиях, предлогах и союзах с приставками: a- be- de- in- ударение падает на второй слог. ™ ? | a'bout, a'long, a'head be'fore, be'hind, be'low de'spite in'spite |
| 3. | В глаголах с приставками: con- / co- in- / im- / ir- / il- sub- / su- ad- / a- for- dis- / de- ob- / o- ex- / e- pre- pro- re- se- abs- trans- en- per- ударение ставится на второй слог. ™ ? | to concern, to incline, to impact, to subject, to sustain, to adapt, to agree, to forget, to disarm, to describe, to object, to obey, to exact, to effect, to prefer, to project, to refer, to select, to abstract, toenable, to translate, to perform |
| 4. | Если слово с приставкой является и существительным, и глаголом, то в существительном ударение ставится на первый слог (noun: ? ™), а в глаголе – на второй (verb: ™ ?). | a 'present – to pre'sent a 'conflict – to con'flict |
| Примечание: многие существительные и глаголы подобного типа могут иметь одинаковое ударение. ™ ? re'ply – to re'ply ? ™ 'promise – to 'promise | ||
| 5. | Если оба слога принадлежат корню, а вторая (безударная) гласная читается как [i] или [ju:], то ударная гласная в открытом слоге читается по правилу закрытого слога (II тип чтения) ? ™ | picnic, topic value, volume |
| Исключения: v в следующих словах ударная гласная ‘U’ читается по правилу открытого слога; v если слово заканчивается на ‘y’, то любая ударная гласная читается по правилу открытого слога | stupid, tulip lady, tiny, holy |
Activity1. Read the verbs according to the patterns:
A. ™ ?
v inform – perform – conform – reform – deform
v describe – prescribe – subscribe
v excuse – induce – reduce – produce – adduce
v resist – persist – consist – insist – assist – exist
v admit – transmit – permit – submit – omit – remit
v export – transport – report – deport
v project – reject – inject – subject – object
v consign – resign – design
v consult – result – insult
v reclaim – proclaim – declaim
v expect – respect – suspect – infect – affect
v prefer – refer – transfer
v reply – supply – imply
v include – preclude – conclude – exclude
v impress – suppress – depress – repress – express
B. ™ ?
intend – pretend preserve – reserve announce – pronounce
invent – prevent refuse – confuse replace – displace
consent – present relate – translate contain – obtain
progress – regress abstain – sustain belong – prolong
procure – secure abstract – subtract detest – protest
enclose – disclose exceed – succeed
C. ™ ?
con cern in cise sub ject pro cess re read en able
conduct incline submit protest rebuild encase
confess income subscribe provide recall enchant
confine injure subtract receive enclose
confirm insert se lect record endure
confront install su cceed secure refresh engage
connect invite suggest regard enforce
consent involve suppose abs tract regret enlarge
consume abstain relax enlist
im peach pre cede remark ensure
col lect impel predate trans form renew
corrupt implore predict transfer repeat per fect
improve present translate research persuade
impute prevail transport restrict pervert
pretend transmit reflect
D. ™ ?
for get a ccount ob ject dis arm ex alt
forgive affect observe discuss exact
agree obsess dislike exceed
ad apt aspire obtain dismiss excel
adhere assist dispense excite
adjoin e ffect displace exhaust
adjust o bey eclipse dispose extend
admire occur elect dispute expose
adopt offer elide distort
adore omit elope distress
advance email disperse
advise
Activity 2. Read the nouns and the verbs according to the stress patterns.
? ™ ™ ? ? ™ ™ ? ? ™ ™ ?
addict – to addict content – to content permit – to permit
conflict – to conflict income – to income protest – to protest
export – to export insult – to insult transfer – to transfer
impress – to impress present – to present transport – to transport object – to object project – to project contract – to contract
protest – to protest process – to process contest – to contest
record – to record affix – to affix convict – to convict
subject – to subject import – to import desert – to desert
Activity 3. Read the sentences. Pay attention to the stress pattern of the
Words in italics.
Model: Addict [? ™] is someone who can’t stop taking illegal or harmful drugs.
- He felt he hadn’t projected [ … ] himself well at the interview.
- Changes occur in the body because of the process [ … ] of ageing.
- Desert [ … ] is a large area of land with few plants and little water.
- Don’t insult [ … ] his intelligence by making ridiculous excuses.
- They wouldn’t give him a job without a work permit [ … ].
- His accounts conflicted [ … ] with reports received from other journalists.
- She has asked me to present [ … ] her apologies for her absence.
- His views stand in stark contrast [ … ] to those of her colleagues.
- They export [ … ] their flowers all over the world.
- The organization has made a formal protest [ … ] against the nuclear testing.
Activity 4. Find a way from START to FINISH.
