I. () (), .. , (), .. , .
, : be-, de-, dis-, en-/in-, inter-, out-, over-, re-, un-.
, , : ante-, inter-, intra, multi-, over-, poly-, post-, pre-, pro-, sub-, super-, un-, under-.
, . : -er, -al, - ese, -ness . : -ish (green greenish); -ful (hand handful); -ling (duck duckling).
II. , , .
, : be-, de-, en-, out-.
, : ex-, arch-, ana-, dys-, per-.
, : a-, anti-, demi-, epi-, he-, mi-, hypo-, hyper-, im/in-, non-, pro-, pan-, subter-, supra-, un-.
, : for-, sur-, re-.
, , , : co-, contra-, counter-, dis-, intra-, mis-, post-, pre-, sub-, trans-, over-, under-.
, : -age (marriage), -ance/-ence (distance, defence), -ancy/-ency (constancy, tendency), -ant/-ent (assistant, student), -dom (freedom), -er (writer), -ess (actress), -hood (motherhood), -ing (building), -ion/-tion/-sion /-ation (rebellion, creation, tension, explanation), -ist (novelist), -ism (materialism), -ment (government), -ness (tenderness), -ship (friendship), -ty (honesty).
, : -ble/-ible/-uble (laughable, audible, voluble), -al (natural), -ic (public), -ical (cubical), -ant/-ent (repentant, present), -ary (secondary), -ate/-ete (accurate, complete), -ian (Arabian), -ish (childish), -ive (active), -ful (useful), -less (useless), -like (lifelike), -ly (friendly), -ous/-ious (curious), -some (troublesome), - (rainy).
, : -ate (articulate), -er (twitter), -en (shorten), -(i)fy (vivify), -ize (apologize).
, : -teen (seventeen), -ty (twenty), -th (seventh), -fold (twofold).
, : -ly (coldly), -ward (s) (northward), - wise (likewise).
III. .
: mis-, un-, out-, up-, under-, over-, with-. , .
: a-, anti-, arch-, bi-, circum-, cis-, co-, contra-, dis-, extra-, inter-, mal-, meta-, non-, post-, vice-, sub-, super- .
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: -d, -ed, -dm,-en, -fold, -ful, -hood, -ig, -ish, -less, -let, -like, -lock, -ly, -ness, -ock, -red, -ship,
-some, -teen, -th, -ward, -way, -wise, -.
: (-bl, -ible, -al, -ant, -ent), (-age, -ance/-ence, - a/-ency, -ard, -ate, -sy) (-ist, -ism, -ite). .
IV. , : un-, in-, dis-; , : fore-, pre-, ex-; : over-, hyper-, arch-, per-, supra-; : under-, sub-, hypo-; : counter-, contra-, anti-.
, , , : -er, -est, -ee, -ess, -ite, -ese, -ster; : -ix, -ine, -ette-, -ess; , , : -acy, -age, -hood, -ity, -ment, -ness, -ion, -th, -ure, -ism, -dom; : -ery; : -al, -ance, -ice, -ing, -y ..
V. , . , arch- (archbishop, archenemy), dis- (disagree, discover, displease) (dismember, discourage).
-ish (boyish, womanish) (reddish).
VI. : , , : -er (carer, cross-trainer, body shopper); -ee (devotee, refugee, absentee); , , : -ie (deccie, druggie, wrinklie, foodie); -ese (Japanese, Milanese, Veronese); , , : -ard (dullard); en- (enrich) -th (growth); -dom (freedom); -hood (brotherhood); -ship (friendship); , : for- (forbid); -lock (wedlock); -red (hatred); -t (flight, gift); -er (chatter, glimmer); -k (walk, talk); -id (horrid); -ile (fragile).
VII. . ; . () , . () , , , ; , , . : -al, -ic, -ical, -ve, -cy, -ant, -ive, -ous. () , . : -fold, -ward, -some.
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VIII. : - hood, -ship, -ness, -ist, -ism; : mis-, under-, over-, mal-, ill-, super-, pseudo-; - : -ling, -ie (-y, -ey); -ish, -ster, -ard; : pseudo-, pro-, hyper-, ultra- .
, , . , . , , , .
. , - .
, . , , (. vegetable, n → vegetable, v). , , . , -- .
:
;
.
, . stone wall , , , .
, , , , ( love, n love, v; work, n work, v) , , . . , (love to love) .