, , , .
, . , , , . , , . 1 000 , . . , I I (3) :
I ³ I (3). (10.22)
, :
s ³ [ s ]; F ³ [ F ]; (10.23)
s [ s ], F [ F ] - [ ] [ ] .
s F :
; ; (10.24)
- [ ], ;
L - [ ] ( ),
W - [ 3 ] 10.2;
l b - , () ;
- [ ] ();
- ();
I (3) - [ ] .
10.2 - W [ 3 ]
Y b h | W Y = b h 2 / 6 |
b Y h | W Y = h b 2 / 6 |
Y y b h | W Y = b h 2 / 3 |
Y d DX | W Y = p(D 4 - d 4) / 32 D |
.
- , I ,
I 0(3): I ³ I 0(3). (10.25)
|
|
I t t k ( ):
k = t ò0 (I )2 dt; (10.26)
k :
k = (I 0(3))2(t + ); (10.27)
I 0(3) - [ ];
t - [ ];
- . [ ].
I t , , :
I 2 × t ³ k. (10.28)
( 10.3).
10.3 - t C
t , | |
, 6-10 110-220 | |
: | |
160...200 |
..
:
q £ q ; (10.29)
q q - .
(S . [ 2 ]). , (S) : S ³ S . . (10.30)
, S , , :
; (10.31)
- ( 10.4-10.6).
10.4
C , [ × 1/2/2], | |
10 | |
10.5
C , [ × 1/2/2], , | ||||
- | - | |||
1 | ||||
1 | ||||
. 1 | ||||
Al-Mg-Si | 311 | |||
31 | ||||
1 | ||||
1 | ||||
Al-Zn-Mg | ||||
1915, 1915 | ||||
Al-Mg-n | 5 |
.
|
|
: ; .
10.6
, [ × 1/2/2], , | ||||
- | ||||
, , , | - | |||
, | - | |||
, | - | |||
, , , , , , | - |
, , , .