9. Before she leaves Middleburg, you (give) her a present, a souvenir of her visit.
5. Choose the right variant.
1. I've got a headache. - Stay here. I (get/will get) you an aspirin.
2. What time (does your train leave/will your train leave) tomorrow?
3. I can't do my homework tonight. I (will see/'m going) to see a movie.
4. I'm sure you'll pass your exams, but what (are you going to do/will you do4, if you fail them?
5. I (will come/am coming"! with you if you like.
6. When you grow older, you (will change/change) your mind about it.
7. I hear the rent on your flat is very expensive. - Yes, it is. I (will move/'m going to move), I've decided.
8. I'd like a photo of Mary and me. -1 (will take/'m going to take) one with your camera, then.
9. So you're going to America for a year. What (are you going to do/will you do) there?
10. Don't lend Peter your car. He is a lousy driver. He (will crash/is going to crash) it.
11. Wait a minute while I send this mail. It (won't/doesn't) take long.
12. I'm in terrible trouble. What (shall/will) I do?
13. Oh, look at the time! I (will be/am going to be) terribly late.
14. I hear the government has announced they (will rise/are going to rise) taxes again.
15. (Will you hold/Are you going to hold) my bag for a moment while I unlock the door?
6. Use the proper form of the verbs.
1. I hope that kindness as well as justice (be) the guide of all people in future.
2. Men have never managed to abolish wars up to now, but may be they (find) a way in the near future.
3. The police (arrest) each of the suspected men soon.
4. I ever (forget) those happy days of my youth? - No, I'm sure!(...).
5. "You (gain) nothing without effort", my father used to say. I always (remember) about it.
6. Don't get off the bus till it (stop). - Don't worry, I (not, do) it.
7. The weather is too dry, but the corn (grow) quickly if the rain comes.
8. You mustn't cross the street until the light (change).
9. You (lend) me ten pounds? I (pay) back tomorrow. -Yes, I (...).
10. If you (look) after the luggage, I (buy) the tickets. - Sure, I (do) it.
11. I (not go) to the tea-party unless you (come) with me.
12. It's time for you to go to bed, my boy.... you (kiss) me "good night"?
13. The day is too hot.... you (have) some mineral water?
14. They say if children have complete freedom when they are young, they (have) inhibitions when they (grow up).
15. You (get) home by bus or by taxi tomorrow? - I (take) a taxi.
16. I (see) you home? - No, thanks. I (go) home with my school friend.
17.1 wonder if he (succeed) in his exams which he (take) in a month. -1 hope he (...).
18. You (have) a cup of coffee? - No, thank you. (you give) me a cup of tea, please?
19. When you (graduate) from university? - If I (not fail), I (graduate) it in a year.
20. I (help) you with this bag? - No, thank you. It isn't heavy. I (carry) it myself.
7. Translate into English.
1. Я не обещаю, что буду писать тебе письма, когда вернусь из отпуска, но знаю, что позвоню, как только доберусь домой.
2. Я буду звонить тебе каждый день до тех пор, пока ты не приедешь сюда навсегда.
3. "Мы постараемся найти ваши вещи, но это будет нелегко, - сказал полицейский, - так как вчера на пляже было много людей".
4. Мы уйдём, как только прекратится дождь. Чем быстрее отправимся, тем быстрее доберёмся домой.
5. Самолёт приземлится вовремя? - Нет, он прибудет в наш аэропорт с задержкой. Но задержка будет не более получаса.
6. Я приготовлю бутерброды и куплю пива, так как знаю, что вы будете голоднымг и уставшими, когда вернётесь.
7. Мой друг говорит, что не женится до тех пор, пока не накопит достаточно денег, чтобы купить квартиру.
8. Моя мама часто говорила: "Я не разрешу тебе смотреть телевизор, покаты не выучишь уроки".
9. Студенты знают, что как только они закончат это упражнение, преподаватель скажет сделать ещё одно.
10. Я возьму эту газету с собой. Я прочитаю её по дороге на работу.
11. Вы поможете мне перевести эту статью? - Да. Но я сделаю это, когда закончу свою работу.
12. Машины в будущем столетии будут быстры и удобны. Я не думаю, что они будут создавать проблемы в городах.
13. Когда я доберусь домой, будет слишком поздно звонить родителям. Я позвоню им завтра утром.
14. Он всегда говорит, что отремонтирует машину, но никогда этого не делает. Я больше ему никогда не поверю.
15. Она всегда берёт у меня взаймы деньги, но никогда не помнит, что нужно их вернуть. Завтра я напомню ей об этом и надеюсь, что она отдаст мне все долги.
16. Я не расскажу тебе о своём секрете, пока ты не пообещаешь никому не говорить об этом. - Я обещаю, что никому ничего не скажу.
17. Когда я услышал стук, я встал и пошёл к двери, открыл её, но никого не увидел в коридоре. Следующий раз я не открою дверь, пока не узнаю, кто там.
18. Я не хотел встречаться с ним, поэтому, когда он вошёл в комнату, я ушёл. Я надеюсь, что в ближайшем будущем я не увижу его больше.
19. Ты съешь этот салат или я скажу официанту, чтобы он убрал его.
8. Form a suitable will/shall or going to forms from the words in brackets. Point out the blanks in which both will/shall and going to forms are possible.
John: Look, there isn't a cloud in the sky It (be) a glorious day. We (go) to a beach?
Carol: I (go) to the beach, but I (not swim). The water's still too cold.
John: I don't think I (swim) either. But I (take) my swimming things with me. If the sun gets very hot I expect I (be) glad to jump into the water.
Carol: I (lie) in the sun a lot this year. I need sunshine after all the rain during the winter. I know it (do) me good.
John: It's a holiday today. That means there (be) a big crowd of people at the seaside.
Carol: But I'm sure (there not be) too many at Whitesand Beach. We probably (have) the place almost to ourselves.
John: What we (have) for lunch? I (make) some sandwiches? Carol: It's OK. I (make) them, if you go and get the car ready.
9. Role-play the conversation.
Monday Morning
David: What's the matter, honey?
Sue: I don't know.
David: Come on, something the matter. What is it?
Sue: It's just life. It's so boring.
David: It's not that bad. You have the children.
Sue: But Kim will be at school and Basil's only a baby. It's all right for you. You'll leave in five minutes, but I'll be here all day. You won't be home till seven!
David: One of us has to work, honey.
Sue: Yes, dear, but your day will be interesting. My day will be the same as every other day.
David: My work isn't always interesting.
Sue: I know, but you travel around, you meet different people. Who will I meet today? What will I do? Oh, I'll do the dishes, feed the baby, wash the clothes, clean the house, walk the dog, give the baby a bath.
David: But... but... honey.
Sue: Then I'll go to the supermarket, pick Kim up at school, make dinner, pick you up at the station, eat dinner and do the dishes again....
David: But... but... honey....
Sue: Then I'll feed the baby and put the kids to bed. What a life! Today, tomorrow, this week, next week, this month, next month - forever!
David: It's just Monday morning, honey. You'll feel OK tomorrow.
Sue: Will I?
Task: Discuss the problems of this family if there are any from your point of view.
10. Read the text and discuss it.
On Strike
Busmen have decided to go on strike next week. The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. No one knows how long it will last. The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.
Most people believe that the strike will last for at least a week Many owners of private cars are going to offer "free rides" to people on their way to work. This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent. Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to drive buses while the strike lasts. All the young men are expert drivers, but before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test. The students are going to take the test in two day's time. Even so, people are going to find it difficult to get
to work. But so far, the public has expressed its gratitude to the students in letters to the Press. Only one or two people have objected that the students will drive too fast!
11. Complete the sentences with will or won't.
Buying a Computer
"This is an excellent machine which... give you many years of service. We... install it for you. We... even give you a special course to teach you how to use it. But you... find it difficult to learn. You... soon see haw easy is to store information and to type letters with this computer.
Now, about the payment. We... ask you for immediate payment. It... be OK if you make a small payment now, and you can pay the rest in three months' time. We... send you a letter to remind you. What's more, we... give you a 5% reduc-tion on the market price. And of course, the computer... come to you with a two-year guarantee. But actually, you... need the guarantee, because there... be any problem with the machine. If there are, I... deal with them personally.
So, do you want to buy it? Good! I can tell you, sir, you... be sorry! Actually, I... give you this machine there in the showroom - it's a demonstration model, and it's rather dusty. I... get you another one from the store downstairs. Please wait a moment, sir. I... be back in a minute."
Answer the questions:
1. Will the customer buy the machine? Why do you think so?
2. How long will it take the salesman to become a private owner of his shop? Try to prove your reasons.
12. Read the text and retell it as it is.
"I'll marry you but only on a few conditions..."
Brian and Susan are getting married in six months. So together they have written a legal contract, signed and witnessed by lawyers. This document is intended to regulate the chaotic heart and smooth the path of true love before the journey of marriage has begun.
"The ceremony will last twenty minutes. The reception will be held in a restaurant on Miami beach. We will invite a total of twenty guests each who will be served two drinks, one of which may be alcoholic.
List of rules: once we are married, we will each require an allowance of $ 70 per week to cover haircuts, eating out, gifts or friends and spending money. We won't raise our voices at each other. If we get angry, we will count to 10 and take a deep breath. We will not use tobacco products.
We will go to bed and turn out the light by 11.30 p.m. Family leadership and decision-making will be Brian's responsibility. Susan will make decisions in emergencies and when Brian is not available. Brian says, "Nothing will make this marriage go wrong. Everything has already been planned. We will provide unconditional love and fulfil each other's basic needs. We will not start a family for the first two years of our marriage. In five years we will have moved from our present address and we will be living in a beach house overlooking the ocean. If any of these rules are broken, a fine will have to be paid out of personal savings".
Susan thinks that this contract is a response to uncertainty and a plan for emotional and financial security for the future. Task: Answer the questions.
Give your reason:
1. What are your impressions of Brian and Susan?
2. Do you think their marriage will last?
3. Which of the following words best describe your opinion of them? Why?
sensible
spontaneous
cold and calculating
ridiculous
easy-going
unbelievable
romantic
warm and loving
weird hopeless greedy stupid
13. Give Russian equivalents to the following proverbs. Use them in the short situations of your own.
1. What will be, will be.
2. When the cat is a way, the mice will play.
3. Don't trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
4. A drowning man will catch at a straw.
5. If you run after two hares, you'll catch none.
The Continuous Tenses
(be + doing)
The Continuous forms denote actions in progress at the present moment or at a given moment in the past or future.
The Present Continuous
The Present Continuous Tense is formed with the present tense of the auxiliary verb be + the Present Participle (V-ing)
| Affirmative | Interrogative | Negative |
| I am working | Am I working | I am not working |
| He She is working It | he Is she working it | He She is not working It |
| We You are working They | we you are working they | We You are not working They |
The Present Continuous is used:
1. for actions happening now.
It is raining. Take your umbrella.
I'm waiting for my friend. She is having coffee.
2. for an action happening in the present time period but not necessary at the moment of speaking, (often with the words: these days, this week, today, this evening, this month, etc.)
Is Tom working this week? — No, he is on holiday.
3. for changes happening around us.
The population of the world is rising very fast. Your English is getting better.
4. for emotional colouring of actions (annoying habits, praise, blame, impatience, etc.) with the words: always, all the time, constantly.
You are always finding fault with me. She is constantly losing things.
5. for a definite arrangement in the near future, for a future intention or planned actions.
I'm meeting Sarah tonight. We are spending Christmas т Chicago.
We are leaving London next week.
One should remember that we don't usually use the following verbs in the Continuous Tenses:
| likes and dislikes: | love, like, hate, care, prefer |
| wants and needs: | want, wish, desire, need, lack |
| senses: | see, hear, feel, notice, smell, taste, |
| sound | |
| knowledge: | know, understand, remember, |
| forget, realize | |
| opinion: | believe, recognize, seem, appear, |
| think(that), seem | |
| possession: | possess, contain, consist of, include, etc. |
| existence: | be, exist |
But there are exceptional uses of these verbs (more frequent in spoken English), when we want to give special emphasis to their particular application to this very moment.
| / think it's too expensive. (=opinion) He is friendly, (appearance) | What are you thinking about? (at the moment) He is being friendly. (=behaving) or pretending now. |
NOTE: We can use verbs that describe the way we feel physically in a Simple Tense or Continuous.
I feel sick. I 'm feeling sick.
My legs hurt. My legs are hurting.
When we want to express intention, the form be going to is often used.
He is going to answer his friends' letters tonight.
Spelling Rules:
- if the infinitive ends in -e, drop it: make - making;
when a one-syllable verb has one vowel and ends in a consonant, double the consonant: sit - sitting;
_ if the verb ends in -ie, change it to y: die - dying, lie - lying;
_ if the infinitive ends in -y, add -ing without any changes: try -trying.
Practice
/. Analyze the tenses in the following conversation. Answer the questions given below.
I'm waiting
Julia: Mark? I'm at the station. I'm waiting for the train to London.
Mark: Hello, Julia. Glad to hear you. I'm waiting for you here.
Julia: What are you doing? Are you getting the dinner ready? Oh, I don't hear you. The train is coming. I'marriving home in an hour. Bye.
Questions.
Is Julia waiting for the train at the station?
Where is she going to?
Who is waiting for Julia?
Is Mark waiting for Julia at home or at the station?
Mark is getting the dinner ready, isn't he?
I wonder if Mark is meeting Julia at the station?
2. Put the verbs in brackets into the proper tense form.
1. Where is Helen? - She (teach) her son to swim.
2. Why you (not wear) your new dress today? - We (go) to the party tonight.
3. The fire (go) out. Will you bring some more coal, please?
4. I (live) at a guesthouse at the moment as I (look for) a flat. Could you send this letter to my work address?
5. Someone (knock) at the door. Shall I answer it? - I (come) in a minute.
6. Why you (type) so fast? You (make) a lot of mistakes.
7. What (make) that terrible noise? - It's Jim. He (move) the furniture. He (paint) the floor in his room.
8. The children are very quiet. Go and see what they (do). - They (play) outside.
9. I can't hear what you (say), the traffic (make) too much noise.
10. You never (listen) to what I say. You always (think) about something else.
11. Look at that crowd! I wonder what they (wait) for. -They (wait) for the shop to open.
12. I (save) now because I (go) abroad on holiday in a month.
13. It's a pity you don't take any exercises. You (get) fat.
14. I usually get to work by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom's car.
15. Why you (put) on your coat? -1 (go) for a walk now.
16. You always (lose) your glasses and (ask) me to find them.
17. In spite of the awful weather now, we (have) a very good holiday here.
3. Ask and answer the questions:
1. I'm wearing glasses today as the sun is shining very brightly. (Why)
2. Helen, can I talk to you? "Sorry. I'm leaving in five minutes". (Who, when)
3. The teachers are discussing one of the approaches in language teaching. (Who, what)
4. My mother was ill last week. But she is feeling better these days. (How)
5. I am not going to the party on Sunday. My cousin is coming from Ireland and I'm meeting him. (Who, where, why)
6. Food prices are going up nowadays, (tag question)
7. Professor Green is leaving for Oxford next week. (Where)
8. Don't disturb Alex. He is working at his report. (General)
9. They are taking an English course at the university. (Where)
10. After the university course Rob is going to work in France. (When, where, who)
11. Professor Green is an experienced lecturer. While he is speaking, everybody is listening to him very attentively. (Who, why)
12. He is choosing his words carefully, as he is not sure if his audience understand him. (Why)
13. In industrial countries the need for energy is increasing very fast, (alternative)
14. The scientists are carrying out a series of new experiments in this branch of industry. (Who, what)
15. I'm typing my report as I'm leaving for the conference next Monday. (General, who, why, what)
4. Compare and choose the proper form.
1. She speaks/is speaking five languages.
2. Look at that man. He wears/is wearing such a funny hat.
3. Don't take that book back to the library. I am reading/ read it.
4. They have/are having two daughters and two sons.
5. Do you understand/are you understanding Spanish?
6. We think/are thinking opera is boring.
7. Be quiet! I am watching/watch my favorite program.
8. We don't enjoy/aren't enjoying this party at all. The music is too loud. But we are enjoying/enjoy going to big parties.
9. Alec and Mary are Scottish. They come/are coming from Glasgow. They'll be here very soon. They come/are coming by car.
10. Lisa can't answer the phone. She has/is having a bath.
11. Every hour the Planet Earth travels/is travelling 66,620 miles around the Sun.
12. Where is Jane? She listens/is listening to a French son» but she doesn't understand what it is meaning/means.
13. See you in the morning. I leave/I'm leaving now.
14. I can't stand horror films. I think/am thinking they are really silly.
15. Excuse me, dcx s this bus stop/is this bus stopping outside the Post Office?
16. What do you do/are you doing? - I work in the travel agency.
5. Translate into English (the Present Indefinite - the Present Continuous).
1. Ты видишь ключ от почтового ящика? - Нет, я ищу его сам, но нигде не вижу. - Скажи мне, если найдёшь.
2. Мой брат всегда читает газеты и играет в шахматы по вечерам. Сегодня вечером он этого не делает, так как ремонтирует наш телевизор. Я хочу посмотреть новый фильм и жду, когда он закончит свою работу.
3. Что делает мама? Моет посуду на кухне? - Нет, она печёт яблочный пирог к твоему дню рождения. Не забывай, что твои друзья приходят к нам сегодня вечером. - Я помню об этом очень хорошо.
4. Что делают все эти люди на площади? И почему они одеты в такие необычные одежды? - Здесь снимают фильм, а местные жители принимают участие в нём.
5. Ты идёшь куда-либо сегодня вечером? - Нет, я остаюсь дома. Соседи приходят на чай. - И часто ты приглашаешь соседей? - К сожалению, очень редко.
6. Я переезжаю на новую квартиру на следующей неделе. Сейчас я крашу полы во всех комнатах. - Твои родители едут вместе с тобой? - Нет, они остаются в нашей старой квартире. - Кого же ты берёшь с собой? - Никого. Я один начинаю новую жизнь в прекрасной квартире.
7. Экономическая ситуация в этой стране ухудшается. Всё больше и больше людей теряют работу, а стоимость жизни возрастает.
8. Том, о чём ты думаешь? Ты не слушаешь, о чём я вам рассказываю. - Вы всегда ко мне придираетесь. Я слушаю вас очень внимательно, но не понимаю, о чём вы говорите.
9. Ты слышишь шум? Кто-то стучится в окно. - Не волнуйся. Идёт сильный дождь, и ветер ломает старые деревья в нашем саду.
10. Ты работаешь на этой неделе? - Нет, у меня отпуск. Сегодня вечером я встречаю подругу, и мы уезжаем к морю на несколько дней.
6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous.
a)
1. Debbie (work) as an administrator at the university. She (organize) all the timetables and teaching schedules. She (work) very long hours at the moment because it's the start of the academic year but she (go) on a short holiday at the end of the month.
2. Simon and Sylvia (stay) in a cottage in the country this month. The cottage (belong) to a cousin of Sylvia's but the cousin is away: she (cycle) around Norfolk for a few weeks. Simon and Sylvia often (use) the cottage when Sylvia's cousin is away. They really (enjoy) being in the middle of the countryside.
3. The international School for Languages (do) very well at the moment. About two hundred students (take) evening classes this term. Many of them (need) to learn a new language to improve their job prospects but some of them (learn) a new language purely for pleasure. The European languages (be) very popular but Japanese and Russian (get) more popular too. The school (provide)
good learning facilities and (organize) a range of study tours.
4. The world population (still increase) rapidly. Many people in the world (already starve) and many more (suffer) from malnutrition. The population (grow) fastest in the poorest countries where people (need) to have children to look after them in their old age and where many of their children (die) at a very young age.
b) Maggie and Jill, two friends, are talking at a party:
M: Jill, how nice to see you. I (not think) we've seen each other since that party at Jim's last year. How (you/get on)?
J: Oh, fine. Everything (go) very well.
M: (you still/go out) with Dave?
J: No, I'm not, but I (go out) with someone called Jeremy: I met him at my pottery class.
M: Is he here now?
J: Yes look, he's over there. He (talk) to Barbara.
M: Oh yes, I (see) him. (he/wear) a yellow jumper?
J: Yes, that's him.
M: Oh, he (look) really nice.
J: He is. I'll introduce you to him when he (come) over here. So what about you? How (life/treat) you?
M: Not too badly. I (still/work) at that awful cafe. I (keep) looking for other jobs but the problem is that I (feel) so tired when I (get in) that I (not have) much energy to look through all the job ads and everything. Oh, well, I (suppose) something else will come up soon.
J: I (hope) so. Oh look, Jeremy (come over) here, (you/want) to meet him?
M: Oh, yes.
7. Open the brackets. Retell the text: a) as a pupil: b) as a teacher.
At the Chemistry Lesson
Ben's chemistry teacher is giving a practical demonstration
to the class.
Teacher: Now watch carefully what I do, then I'll ask you some questions. First, I (take) a beaker of water and (heat) it gently over a bunsen burner. The temperature (rise) steadily until it (reach) 100°C. I (leave) the water to boil for several minutes and while I (waiting) I (prepare) an acid solution in this test-tube. Now look what (happen) to the water in the beaker. You will see that it (change) into water vapor. Next, I (take) the prepared acid solution and (add) it carefully to the contents of the beaker. Now, if I take a 50p coin out of my pocket and drop it into the acid solution will it dissolve? Ben!
Ben: Oh, no, Sir! Because in that case you wouldn't drop it in!
Task: Try to describe your English lesson.
8. Role-play the following conversations. Make up your own dialogues on analogy.
Can you Help me?
Thomas is a student. He's staying with the Taylors, an English family.
Thomas: Hello, Mrs Taylor. Can you help me? I'm doing my homework and I can't understand this word.
Mrs Taylor: Which one? Oh... that's difficult. I can't help you now...I'm watching something....
Thomas: Oh? What are you watching?
Mrs Taylor: I'm watching a cowboy film.
Thomas: Can Mr Taylor help me?
Mrs Taylor: No, he can't now, Thomas. He's reading.
Thomas: What's he reading?
Mrs Taylor: He's reading a magazine.
Thomas: What about Kate?
Mrs Taylor: Oh, she can't help you now... she's phoning
someone.
Thomas: Oh? Who's she phoning?
Mrs Taylor: She's phoning her boyfriend... you're asking a
lot of questions tonight, Thomas!
Thomas: Am I?... Well, I'm practising my English!
A Telephone Call
H: Who are you talking to?
I: Nobody.
H: Well, why are you holding the phone?
I: My watch stopped. I'm calling the time.
H: What number is the time?
I: 0-08.
High Jump
We are waiting for the last jumper.
Ted Kelly from England is going to jump.
The bar is at 2.30 meters.
Now he's beginning his last try.
Oh! He's crashed into the bar.
Ted is landing. The bar is falling. Is he hurt?
