1. My brother having lost the key, we couldn't enter the house.
2. The teacher being ill, the lesson was put off.
3. The weather having changed, he decided to stay at home.
4. There being much time left, she wanted to have a rest.
5. The keys having been lost, the man couldn't open the door.
6. The weather being nice, we will spend a good time in the country.
7. The work having been finished, the workers went home.
8. The task done, all the pupils handed in their compositions.
9. The work finished, they hurried home.
10. The dinner cooked, we decided to go for a walk.
11. The winter being cold, we spent three months in the city.
Task 3. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. The night being dark, I could see nothing in the yard.
2. The sun having set, it began getting dark.
3. It being Sunday, the shop was closed.
4. The weather being terrible, the flight was impossible.
5. There being nothing to eat, the boys returned home hungry.
6. The article translated, the students had nothing to do.
7. The door closed, he couldn't enter the room.
8. The flat repaired, she felt comfortable.
9. It being weekend, he could go to the country.
10. The concert finished, disco started.
11. It being her birthday, she decided to have a party.
Task 4. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. It being late, Ann went to bed.
2. It being the day of my English exam, I got up early.
3. The evening being warm, we went for a walk.
4. Her breakfast eaten, she turned from the table.
5. He smoked a cigar, coffee having been drunk.
6. Tom was sitting silent, his eyes fixed on his father's face.
7. I heard the woman speaking, her voice trembling.
8. The news having been heard, she fainted.
9. She looked at him, her eyes shining brightly.
10. She opened the door with her heart beating fast.
11. The bell gone, students left the classroom.
Отработка грамматического явления на базе технического перевода
Переведите на русский язык.
1. Industrial application of energy increasing, more and more energy is needed every year.
2. An alternating current flowing through a conductor, its direction reverses at regular intervals.
3. An electric current passing through a conductor, we generally detect it thanks to its various effects.
4. The molecules or atoms of gas being ionized, an electric current passes through that gas.
5. The flow of the current being reduced, the speed of the motor is correspondingly decreased.
6. The resistance being very high, the current in the circuit was low at the constant voltage.
7. The plant having offered new high-tech micro motors, the modern small-sized appliances appeared at the market for selling.
8. The young physicist having discovered a mistake in calculations, the experienced specialists corrected it.
9. Numerous calculations having been carried out at the research institute, it became possible to produce new airplanes.
10. The first TV-sets having been shown in 1939, the news about it spread throughout the world.
11. There are many different forms of energy, kinetic energy being one of them.
12. Metals are the best conductors of electricity, non-metals being rather poor ones.
13. The present article is about optical electronics, with special attention being paid to lasers.
14. Lasers produce intense, directional, pure in colour, light beams, the latter being focused by the lens system.
15. In transistor there are two circuits, one of which contains the emitter and the base, the other containing the collector and the base.
Тема 23. Герундий
Герундий – это неличная форма глагола, обладающая признаками как существитель-ного, так и глагола.
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite Gerund | * V + ing testing | being + V3 being tested |
| Perfect Gerund | having + V3 having tested | having been + V3 having been tested |
* I like testing new gadgets.
Мне нравится тестировать новые устройства. (Мне нравится тестирование новых устройств).
Testing new gadgets is my job.
Тестировать новые устройства – моя работа. (Тестирование новых устройств – моя работа).
I’m glad of having tested this gadget. Я рад, что протестировал это устройство.
I like being tested. Мне нравится, когда меня тестируют.
I’m glad of having been tested. Я рад, что меня протестировали.
| Глаголы, требующие герундий To like(любить, нравиться) to be fond of (увлекаться) To enjoy(наслаждаться) to be keen on (увлекаться) To prefer(предпочитать) to be interested in (интересоваться) To hate(ненавидеть) to be good at (преуспевать) To keep(продолжать) to be afraid of (бояться) To stop(заканчивать) to think of (думать о) To mind(возражать) to thank for (благодарить за) To be worth(стоить) to insist on (настаивать на) Cannot help(не мочь не) to look forward to (с нетерпением ждать) |
| Запомните следующие конструкции с герундием: The house needs painting. Дом нужно покрасить. (Дом нуждается в покраске). The car wants repairing. Машину нужно отремонтировать. (Машина нуждается в ремонте). |
