! , , 1. , ++, 1.
, . - , . .
, .
. , .
1. .
2. .
. . int, double, char bool. :
| n | int | int nIndex; |
| d | double | double dSpeed; |
| c | char | char cInputSimbol; |
| sz | char szCalcString[32]; | |
| b | bool | bool bKey; |
i, n, j .. .
Temp, Buffer, String, Len .. 10 .
30 ;
. , , - . , 0.
, nExample.
++ ! , . , , , , :
nIdnex = 1;
nIndex = 1;
nIdnex, . . , .
.
| int nNum; | |
| double dDigit; | |
| char cSimbol; | |
| bool bKey; |
|
|
|
nExample :
int nExample;
. ++ . ,
nExample = 10;
nExample 10. . .
:
nExample = nExample + 3;
. , . :
1) nExample;
2) 3;
3) nExample.
:
nResult = nExample*nExample - nExample + 1;
:
nResult ;
nExample .
. . , , . , . .
, :
double dSpeed, dDistance, dTime;
:
dDistance = 3.5;
dTime = 1.3;
:
dSpeed = dDistance / dTime;
ANSI ++ 40 . +, -, *, /, % , .
| + | |
| - | |
| * | |
| / | |
| % | , |
, .. . + , *, / %. . .
! ++ :
, .
, :
double dResult = 3 / 2;
dResult 1.
. , :
double dResult = 3. / 2;
:
double dResult = 3 / 2.;
. , , , , :
double dResult = double(3) / 2;
, 3 3.00.
|
|
|
.
double dResult = (double) 3 / 2;
double dResult = 3 / double(2);
double dResult = 3 / (double) 2;
math, .. :
#include <math.h>
.
fabs(x) x, |x|.
:
double fabs(double x);
:
cout << fabs(5);
:
cout << fabs(-5);
:
cout << fabs(-3.2 / 2);
:
1.6
cout << fabs((6 10) / 2);
:
sqrt(x) .
:
double sqrt(double x);
:
.
:
cout << sqrt(4);
:
pow(x, y) .
:
double pow(double x, double y);
:
0 .
:
cout << pow(2, 3);
:
exp(x) x.
:
double exp(double x);
:
double x = 2.302585093, y;
y = exp(x);
printf("exp(%g) = %g\n", x, y);
:
10.000000
sin(x), cos(x), tan(x) , x.
:
double sin(double x);
double cos(double x);
double tan(double x);
:
.
:
double pi = 3.1415926535;
double x;
x = tan(pi / 4);
printf("tan(%g) = %g\n", pi/4, x);
:
tan(0.785398) = 1.000000
asin(x), acos(x), atan(x) , x.
:
double asin(double x);
double acos(double x);
double atan(double x);
:
double x, y;
cout << "Enter a real number between -1 and 1: ";
cin >> x;
y = asin(x);
printf("Arcsine of %g = %g\n", x, y);
y = acos(x);
printf("Arccosine of %g = %g\n", x, y);
:
Enter a real number between -1 and 1:.32696
Arcsine of 0.326960 = 0.333085
Arccosine of 0.326960 = 1.237711
if
if-else . :
if ()
{
1;
}
else
{
2;
}
, . else .
(, ), , (.. ), 1. (.. ) else-, 2.
++ :
| > | |
| >= | |
| < | |
| <= | |
| == | |
| != |
==. =. , , :
if (a = 2)
b = a;
2, b . : = 2 , b . , b = a. , if :
|
|
|
if (a == 2)
b = a;
if:
int a = 1;
int b = 2;
if (a > b)
cout << a;
else
cout << b;
:
int a = 2;
if (a == 0)
cout << inf;
else
cout << 1. / a;
:
0.5
, . : , .
12, if-else.
| 12 |
/* ? */
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
int a;
cout << "Vvedite luboe chislo:\n";
cin >> a;
if (a>=0)
{
cout << "Vawe chislo " << a << " polozitelnoe\n";
}
else
{
cout << "Vawe chislo " << a << " otricatelnoe\n";
}
}
, 96. if. (.. 96) ≥ 0 ( ), : Vawe chislo 96 polozitelnoe. -96, -96 ≥ 0 else , : Vawe chislo -96 otricatelnoe.
13 if .
| 13 |
/* if*/
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
double dNumber1, dNumber2;
char cOperator;
cout << "Calculation:\n";
cout << "Input: number_1 operator number_2\n";
cin >> dNumber1 >> cOperator >> dNumber2;
if (cOperator == '+') cout << "= " << dNumber1 + dNumber2 << '\n';
else if (cOperator == '-') cout << "= " << dNumber1 - dNumber2 << '\n';
else if (cOperator == '*') cout << "= " << dNumber1 * dNumber2 << '\n';
else if (cOperator == '/') cout << "= " << dNumber1 / dNumber2 << '\n';
else cout << "Unknown operator\n\n";
}
, 13 , . . , 13 :
if (cOperator == '+')
{
cout << "= " << dNumber1 + dNumber2 << '\n';
}
else if (cOperator == '-')
{
cout << "= " << dNumber1 - dNumber2 << '\n';
}
else if (cOperator == '*')
{
cout << "= " << dNumber1 * dNumber2 << '\n';
}
else if (cOperator == '/')
{
cout << "= " << dNumber1 / dNumber2 << '\n';
}
else cout << "Unknown operator\n\n";
, 3 . . . , , .
|
|
|
++ : , .
. . 0 1.
| && | |
| || | |
| ! |
if . .
if ((x > 0) && (x < 1)) // 0 < < 1
{ // ( , x > 0 x < 1)
}
if (!(x > 0)) // <= 0
{ // ( , x > 0)
}
if ((x > 0) || (y > 0)) // 0 < 0 <
{
}
switch
switch . , , , :
switch ()
{
case 1:
{
;
}
break;
case 2:
{
;
}
break;
default: ;
}
case . case, . case . , , , default, , . case default .
13 -, if. switch:
| 14 |
/* switch*/
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
double dNumber1, dNumber2;
char cOperator;
cout << "Calculation:\n";
cout << "Input: number_1 operator number_2\n";
cin >> dNumber1 >> cOperator >> dNumber2;
switch (cOperator)
{
case '+': cout << "= " << dNumber1 + dNumber2 << '\n'; break;
case '-': cout << "= " << dNumber1 - dNumber2 << '\n'; break;
case '*': cout << "= " << dNumber1 * dNumber2 << '\n'; break;
case '/': cout << "= " << dNumber1 / dNumber2 << '\n'; break;
default: cout << "Unknown operator" << '\n'; break;
}
}
break switch. case , case, , . break return . break while for.
"" case . , , case . , break, . , , . , , , .
: ( default ) break, . , case.
while
while ( , ) :
while()
{
;
}
, , , . , - , .
|
|
|
while:
int a;
while(1) //
{
a = a + 1;
}
int a = 1;
while(a < 10)
{
a = a + 1;
}
12, . , . . , main ( 12) while ( 15). , . break, , , 0.
| 15 |
/* while*/
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
while(true)
{
int a;
cout << "Vvedite luboe chislo ili 0 dlya vihoda:\n";
cin >> a;
if (a > 0)
{
cout << "Vawe chislo " << a << " polozitelnoe\n";
}
if (a < 0)
{
cout << "Vawe chislo " << a << " otricatelnoe\n";
}
if (a == 0)
{
break;
}
}
}
for
while, . , , N .
.
while for.
int i;
i = 0; //
while (i < b)
{
_;
i = i + 1; //
}
int i;
for (i = 0; i < b; i++)
{
_;
}
i. b , i 0 (b 1).
, for(;;). . , , . . . , . .
:
1. .
2. ( )
3. .
4. .
5. 2.
( ), .
for , , .
i++ for. . . i--.
, for :
int i;
for (i = b; i > 0; i--)
{
_;
}
b , i b 1.
return
return , . , ..
return .
int a, b;
double dResult;
cin >> a >> b; //
if (b == 0) //
{
cout << Delenie na nul!\n //
return; //
}
else
{
dResult = double(a) / b; //
}
, . , . , , .
1. , . :
:
| 16 |
/* 2. 1*/
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
//
double dInput_x, dInput_y; // dInput_x, dInput_y
double dResult; // dResult main
double b, ; // a, b
cout << Input x, y\n; //
cin >> dInput_x >> dInput_y; //
b = sin(fabs(dInput_x*dInput_x + dInput_x + 1)); //
b = pow(b, 3); //
c = sqrt(dInput_y*dInput_y + dInput_x*dInput_x); //
dResult = fabs(b / c); //
//
dResult = dResult + exp((dInput_x + dInput_y) / (dInput_x*dInput_y));
cout << dResult << \n; //
}
2. , . :
:
| 17 |
/* 2. 2*/
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void main(void)
{
//
double dInput_x, dInput_y; // dInput_x, dInput_y
double dResult; // dResult main
cout << Input x, y\n; //
cin >> dInput_x >> dInput_y; //
//
if ((dInput_x >= 0) && (dInput_x <= 1))
{
dResult = sqrt(dInput_x * dInput_x + pow(dInput_y, 2));
}
else if (dInput_x < dInput_y)
{
dResult = dInput_x;
}
else
{
dResult = dInput_y;
}
printf(a = %g\n, dResult);
}
3. n.
:
| 18 |
/* 2. 3*/
#include <math.h>
#include <iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
int nNumber; // n
cout << "Input number: "; // n
cin >> nNumber; // n
// ,
//
if (nNumber < 0)
{
cout << "Wrong number!";
//
return; //
}
double dResult = 0; //
//
int i = 1; //
//
while (i <= nNumber) //
{
//
dResult = dResult + 1. / pow(2, i);
i++; // i
}
cout << "Result: " << dResult << '\n'; //
}
1
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
| . . | |
| x1, y1 x2, y2 | |
| a, b h |
2
| x, y, z. max(x, y, z), min(x, y, z) | |
| x, y, z. x < y < z | |
x, y, z.  , ,
| |
x, y. 
| |
| . , , , | |
| . , , | |
| . , (1,3) | |
x, y ( ). , .
| |
| . , . | |
| x, y, z. x, y, z. | |
| . . | |
| . . | |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
x, y. 
| |
. 
| |
| . 2, 3, 5. | |
| , . . | |
| x, y, z. . |
3
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
| |
. 
| |
, n. 
| |
.  .
| |
. n, 
| |
n. 
| |
n. 
| |
| n. n? | |
| n. n? | |
| n. n | |
| n, m. m n. | |
| n. 3 n 2 | |
| n. n . |
1) sin, cos .. ?
2) ++ ?
3) if.
4) for while.
5) . ?
3
: .
:
1) ++.
2) ++.
3) , .
