.
(. 298, ) ( ) . U l
( 1),
( 2),
( 3).
, , ( > U), ( < U) , . . . , E > U, , . E < U , > l,. . . , , , .
. 298
(217.5) . 298,
(221.1)
:
( 1); (221.2)
( 2);
( 3). (221.3)
, 1 , (217.4),
(221.4)
(219.3), ( , ), , , . . ( , ).
(221.3) ( ), . 3 , . 3 (221.3) .
2 > U < U. , , < U . , (221.1), q = ib ,
q B3=0, :
( 3). (221.5)
2 (221.5) , , , . , , b l >>1, B2 0.
y1(x), y2(x), y3(x) . 298, , , , 3, , , . . , . , , .
|
|
, , , .
D , . ,
|A3/A1|2, y y ' = 0 = l (. 298):
(221.6)
A2, A3, B1 B2 A1. (221.6) ( , )
(221.7)
U , ŗ , l , D0 , . (221.7) , D m, l (U - E); , . (. 299), ( ),
. 299
< U, , , . . , , , , . D Dx = l D > h/ l. . (D)2/(2m) , .
. . . . (19031981). (, ), (, a-, ).