d .. D:
d . = (0,42...0,46) D;
d .. = (0,46...0,52) D;
d ..= (0,35...0,40) D;
d ..= (0,38...0,42) D;
d ..= (0,38...0,42) D;
d ..= (0,35...0,52) D.
2530%, 40% , .
ij 10...20% , .
( 7.11).
7.11
7.11: d . ; h ; ; γ .
γ = 45 30; γ = 45.
, γ = 0, 7.11 :
= πd h max.
h max :
h max = d / 4. (7.76)
г γ = 300
h max ≈ 0,26 d , γ = 450 h max ≈ 0,31 d.
h max = (0,160,32 )d .
, , :
(7.77)
V′ , /;
V.. , /;
F n = πD2 / 4 , 2;
i ( ) . = 1.
V ′ = 40...80 /. V′ ≥ 40 /, V′ = 70...100/. 100 /.
(7.77) : =11,6 /,
Fn = 0,00374 2, = 1, V ′ = 50 /:
= = 0,0008682= 8,68 2.
, , :
|
|
= (1,11,2) . (7.78)
(7.78) :
=1,2 = 1,28,68 = 10,416 2.
ij :
; (7.79)
.
γ = 300, hmax≈ 0,26 d, :
h max = 0,2636,41 = 9,47 .
V ″ ( , 䳿 ), :
V ″ = F n / F. max i. (7.80)
7.11 :
F = π h (d cosγ +hsinγ(cosγ)2). (7.81)
:
F.max = π h max (dcosγ + h max sinγ(cosγ)2), (7.82)
, , V″ , , , :
F .max= 3,149,47(36,41 cos300+ 9,47 sin300 (cos300)2) =
1060,12 2= 0, 001061 2;
V″ = 11,60,00374 / 0,001061 1 = 40,9 /.
V″ . 40−50 %, 2540 % , .
V′″ , :
V′″ = V n. .F n / F ..c i, (7.83)
F . , 2. - :
, (7.84)
;
t 1, t 2 .
- F k = f(t). . h = f (αk).
-. - 7.12 [1].
7.12 ij -
- 7.12 / / .
:
F k = y 1 +y 2, (7.85)
1 = π h d cosγ, 2 = π h2 sinγ (cosγ)2
F=F(t) , :
(7.86)
t F (/) (2/);
F .-. (2);
F= h 2,72 d ( γ = 30); t= α 6nk;
nk , -1.
(2) :
|
|
(7.87)
, .
V′″ .
- , : , , h = f(α) F=F(t).
, . , , , .
F .. , h = f(α), (α ).
, , .
( ) 7.13 [1].
7.13 ()
α ( ) :
(7.88)
, () β
(7.89)
r 0 = 2 h max =29,47= 18,94 ; = 3 .
.
:
(7.90)
(7.91)
, :
(7.92)
(7.93)
(). ( ):
; (7.94)
(7.95)
䳿 , :
(7.96)
.
- V′″, , :
V′″ = 11,6 0,00374 /8,0271 = 54,05/.
V″′ . :
90...150/;
80...120/.