, . ? , ? , ; (. Connell, Orias, 1964; Hutchinson, 1965; 1978; Levins, 1968; Krebs, 1973; Whittaker et al., 1973; Emlen, 1973; Rejmanek, Jenik, 1975; Pianka, 1978; Begon et al. 1986; Arthur, 1987*). , , , .
(Hutchinson, 1965*) . , , , , , . , . , . , , , . , , . . .
, , , . . .
- (MacArthur, 1958*). Dendroica . :
o : Dendroica tigrina D. fusca
o : (D. virens) (D. castanea)
o : (D. ronata)
Dendroica, . , D. castanea , D. virens (MacArthur, 1958*).
; , : 1) , ; 2) , . , , .
. . , -, , . , . (Lack, 1944; Dobzhansky, 1950b; Connell, Orias, 1964; Grant, Grant, 1965; Levins, 1968*).