:
, ;
;
, , , , ;
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( 5000 ).
(. 5.2) IBM: IBM PC/XT, IBM PC/AT 80286 (16-), IBM PS/2 8030 -PS/2 8080 (PS Personal System), PS, PS/2 8080, 16-, PS/2 8080 32-, IBM PC 80386 80486 (32-), IBM PC Pentium Pentium Pro (64-).
, : Compaq Computer, Apple (Macintosh), Hewlett Packard, Dell, DEC, : Spectrum, Amstrad; : Micral; : Olivetty; : Toshiba, Panasonic Partner.
( ) IBM, 1981 . DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation), Macintosh Apple, 2- .
90- . 150 . ., 90% , IBM PC 100 . . ( 75% ); DEC 5 . .
IBM PC Pentium Pentium Pro.
. 80486 .
( ) DEC- ( -1 -4 -1201, 85, 32 .) IBM PC- ( 1840 1842, 1845, 1849, 1861, 1030, 4816, 9.66 .) . (, , , , .) . 8-10 DEC- , IBM PC-.
5.2. IBM PC
.
:
1- 8- ;
2- 16- ;
3- 32- ;
4- 64- .
. 5.6.
. 5.6.