1. f1(x)=g1(x) f1(x) () g1(x), , D, f2(x)=g2(x), D.
2. f (x)= g (x) D (), , , D.
. .
, , . , .
3. f (x)= g (x) D () (), , , D.
, = 1 ∙ ( 2 + 1) = 2 + 1 , = 1 ∙ ( 2-1) = 2 - 1 , 2-1 = 1 =- 1.
. () , , , .
, 6, , .. -2, , . , .
4. f (x)= g (x) D, f (x)≥0 g (x)≥0 , n =2 k (), (f (x))2k=(g (x))2k, .
, , .
. f (x)≥0 g (x)≥0 , , f (x)= g (x) (f (x))2 K =(g (x))2 K .
, f (x)= g (x)
5. f (x)= g (x) D, f (x)≥0 g (x)≥0 , n =2 k+ 1 (), (f (x))2 k+ 1=(g (x))2k + 1, .
. , , .
, .
.
6. D
|
|
, , + 1 = 0 , , 0.
1-6 . .
: f(x)=g(x) D (1),
() , ,
- (2), () .
: (1) (2) .
.
1 (1), f (x 1) =g (x 1) , ( 1) . - , 1- (2).
. 2 (2), , , ( 2) , φ( 2) ≠ 0. f (x 2) =g (x 2) - . ,
2 - (1).
, (1) (2) D.
***
n - , n - .
n , n .
:
1) n , n ;
2) n.
n | >0 | =0 | <0 |
n=2k( (n- ) | ; - | ||
N=2k+1( (n- ) |
***
b , , b.
: loga b,
1. .. / .. [ .] - ., : , , 1998. 236 .
2. .. : / .. , .. , .. - .: , 2005. 320 .
3. .. : / .. , [ .] - .: : S, 1998. 656 .
4. .. / .. .: , 1965.- 327.
5. .. . 11 , . 1: . . ( ) / .., .. . - .: , - 287 .
6. .. . 11 , . 2: . . ( ) / . ., .. . - .: , - 264 .
7. .. . . 10 11 : . / .. , .., .. - .: , 2002. 192. - .: , 2005. 320 .
8. .. : /
. . . .: , 1963. 200 .