State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.
Units of quantities
17.020
0008
2003-09-01
1 - . .. ( . .. ), 206
2 , ( 22 6 2002 .)
:
( 3166) 004-97 | ( 3166) 004-97 | |
AZ | ||
AM | ||
BY | ||
GE | ||
KZ | ||
KG | ||
RU | ||
TJ | ||
TU | ||
UZ |
3 4 2003 . 38- 8.4172002 1 2003 .
4 8.417-81
2003 . ( 12-2003)
( ), : , , .
, 1), , ( 8.430).
________________
1) , , , , .
:
8.43088 .
[1].
4.1 2), ( 5 7).
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2) ( SI, ) 1960 . XI () [2].
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4.2 4.1 , , 6.1 6.2, , .
4.3 4.1 , , 6.3, 4.1 4.2.
4.4 , , , () , 4.2.
6.3, .
4.5 , , 4.2 4.3.
4.6 , , .
4.7 ( ) 4.14.3.
4.8 - , ( ) .
, , .
4.9 , , .
, , , .
4.10 , . , .
4.11 , , , , .
4.12 , , , .
()
5.1. 1.
1 -
L | m | , 1/299 792 458 s [VII (1983 .) 1] | |||
kg | , [I (1889 .) III (1901 .)] | ||||
s | , 9 192 631 770 , -133 [XIII (1967 .), 1] | ||||
I | , , 1 m , 1 m , 2×10-7 N [ (1946 .), 2, IX (1948 .)] | ||||
Q | , 1/273,16 [XIII (1967 .), 4] | ||||
N | mol | , , -12 0,012 kg. , , , [XIV (1971 .), 3] | |||
J | cd | , 540×1012 Hz, 1/683 W/sr [XVI (1979 .), 3] |
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:
1. ( ) ( t), t = T - T0, 0 = 273,15 . , . . - , "".
2. . , .
3. 1990 ., , 90 (, 90 t90) [3].
5.2.1 ( ).
5.2.2 , , 2.
2 - ,
L2 | m2 | 2 | ||
, | L3 | m3 | 3 | |
LT-1 | m/s | / | ||
LT-2 | m/s2 | /2 | ||
L-1 | m-1 | -1 | ||
L-3M | kg/m3 | /3 | ||
L3M-1 | m3/kg | 3/ | ||
L-2I | /m2 | /2 | ||
L-1I | /m | / | ||
L-3N | mol/m3 | /3 | ||
L-2J | cd/m2 | /2 |
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5.2.3 , , 3. ( 4).
3 - ,
l | rad | m×m-1=1 | |||
l | sr | m2×m-2=1 | |||
-1 | Hz | s-1 | |||
LMT-2 | N | m×kg×s-2 | |||
L-1MT-2 | m-1×kg×s-2 | ||||
, , | L2MT-2 | J | m2×kg×s-2 | ||
L2MT-3 | W | m2×kg×s-3 | |||
, | TI | s×A | |||
, , , | L2MT-3I-1 | V | m2×kg×s-3×A-1 | ||
L-2M-1T4I2 | F | m-2×kg-1×s4×A2 | |||
L2MT-3I-2 | Ω | m2×kg×s-3×A-2 | |||
L-2M-1T3I2 | S | m-2×kg-1×s3×A2 | |||
, | L2MT-2I-1 | Wb | m2×kg×s-2×A-1 | ||
, | -2I-1 | kg×s-2×A-1 | |||
, | L2MT-2I-2 | m2×kg×s-2×A-2 | |||
Q | |||||
J | lm | cd×sr | |||
L-2J | l | m-2×cd×sr | |||
( ) | -1 | Bq | s-1 | ||
, ) | L2T-2 | Gy | m2×s-2 | ||
, | L2T-2 | Sv | m2×s-2 | ||
NT-1 | kat | mol×s-1 |
1 3 .
2 1960 . XI ( 12) : , ( ). , , . 1980 . ( 1) , . 1995 . XX ( 8) , ( ), ( ).
3 12 XXI [4].
4 - , , 3
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L2MT-2 | - | Nm | ͷ | m2kgs-2 | |
-2 | N/m | h/ | kgs-2 | ||
L-1MT-1 | - | Pas | m-1kgs-1 | ||
L-3TI | C/m3 | /3 | m-3sA | ||
L-2TI | C/m2 | /2 | m-2sA | ||
LMT-3I-1 | V/m | / | mkgs-3A-1 | ||
L-1M-1T4I2 | F/m | / | m-3kg-1s4A2 | ||
LMT-2I-2 | H/m | / | mkgs-2A-2 | ||
L2T-2 | J/kg | / | m2s-2 | ||
, | L2MT-2Q-1 | J/K | / | m2kgs-2K-1 | |
, | L2T-2Q-1 | - | J/(kgK) | /() | m2s-2K-1 |
-3 | W/m2 | /2 | kgs-3 | ||
LMT-3Q-1 | - | W/(mK) | /() | mkgs-3K-1 | |
L2MT-2N-1 | J/mol | / | m2kgs-2mol-1 | ||
, | L2MT-2Q-1N-1 | - | J/(molK) | /() | m2kgs-2K-1mol-1 |
( - ) | M-1TI | C/kg | / | kg-lsA | |
L2T-3 | Gy/s | / | m2s-3 | ||
-1 | rad/s | / | s-1 | ||
-2 | rad/s2 | /2 | s-2 | ||
L2MT-3 | W/sr | / | m2kgs-3sr-1 | ||
-3 | - | W/(sr×m2) | /(×2) | kgs-3sr-1 |
- ( 3), () . ( ) .
5.2.4 . m0 , , 4p 10-7 /m 12,566 370 614×10-7 /m ().
XVII (1983 .) 0 299 792 458 m/s ().
e0, 8,854 187 81710-12 F/m ().
5.2.5 () 1 1990 . K J-90 = 4,835979 × 1014 Hz/V () [, 1, 1988 .] R -90 = 25812,807 W () [, 2, 1988 .].
1 2 , .
5.2.6 , , , :
: | : | |
A/kg; / | C/(kg×s); | /(×) |
W×m; ×. | V×m/A; | ×/ |
m3×kg/(s3×A2); | 3×/(3×2). |
,
6.1 , 5, .
6.2 . 6.
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6.3 , 7, .
6.4 . .
5 ,
- | |||||
t | 1×103 kg | ||||
1), 2) | u | a.. | 1,6605402×10-27 kg () | ||
2), 3) | min | 60 s | |||
h | 3600 s | ||||
d | 86400 s | ||||
2) | 2), 4) | º | º | (π/180) rad = 1,745329·10-2 rad | |
2), 4) | ' | ' | (π/18000) rad = 2,908882·10-4 rad | ||
2), 4) | '' | '' | (π/648000) rad = 4,848137·10-6 rad | ||
() | gon | (π/200) rad = 1,57080×10-2 rad | |||
, | 5) | l | 1×10-3 m3 | ||
ua | . | 1,49598·1011 m () | |||
ly | . | 9,4605·1015 m () | |||
pc | 3,0857·1016 m () | ||||
1×m-1 | |||||
ha | 1×104 m2 | ||||
- | eV | 1,60218×10-19J () | |||
- | kW×h | × | 3,6×106 J | ||
- | VA | · | |||
var | |||||
, | - | A×h | × | 3,6×103 |
_________________
1) . 1-87 [5].
2) (, , ), (, , ), , .
3) , , , , , , .
4) .
5) . l ("") 1 L.
6
- | ||||
1 ( , ): ; ; ; ; ; ; ; . . | ||||
% | % | 1×10-2 | ||
ppm | -1 | 1×10-3 1×10-6 | ||
2 ( , ): ; , . .2) | 1) | 1 = lg(P 2/ P 1) 2 = 10 1 | ||
1 = 2 lg(F 2/ F 1) | ||||
p 1, p 2 (, , . .); | ||||
f 1, f 2 (, , . .) | ||||
dB | 0,1 | |||
3 ( , ): | phon | 1 phon , 1000 Hz 1 dB | ||
4 ( , ): | 1 log2 (f 2 /f 1) f 2 /f 1 = 2; | |||
1 lg (f 2 /f 1) f 2 /f 1 = 10 f 1, f 2 | ||||
5 ( , ) | Np | 1 Np = 0,8686... = 8,686... dB |
1 , Z, . .
F /F . . , , :
1 = lg ( / ) = 10 ,
1 = 2 lg (F / F ) F = F ,
, , .
2 27-3 , : L p (re 20 m) = 20 dB; L (. 20 ) = 20 (re reference, . . ). , 20 dB (re 20 m) 20 (. 20 ) [6].
7 - ,
- | |||||
n mile | 1852 m () | ||||
210-4 kg () | |||||
tex | 1×10-6 kg/m () | ||||
kn | 0,514(4) m/s | ||||
Gal | 0,01 m/s2 | ||||
r/s | / | 1 s-1 | |||
r/min | / | 1/60 s-1 = 0,016(6) s-1 | |||
bar | 1×105 Pa |