(. 2.1, ), (. 2.1, ).
.2.1.
;
0 ; b 0, b ; h 0, h ; h ; h ; m, n .
() :
Q 0 = V 0 ∙ S 0, (2.1)
, Q 0 (), 3/; V 0 , /; S 0 , 2.
:
S 0 = 0,5 ∙ b 0 ∙ h 0 , (2.2)
:
S 0 = 0,5 ∙ ( 0 + b 0) ∙ h 0 , (2.3)
( ) () :
Q max = Q 0 + [(J ∙F) / 3,6], (2.4)
, J ( ), /; F ( ), 2.
:
h = [(2 ∙ Q max ∙ h 05/3) / (b 0 ∙ V 0 )]3/8 - h 0, (2.5)
, h , .
:
h ={[2∙ Q max∙[(b 0 - 0)/(ctg m + ctg n)]5/3/(b 0 ∙ V 0)}3/8 -[(b 0 - 0)/(ctg m + ctg n)], (2.6)
:
V max = Q max / S max, (2.7)
, V max , /; S max , 2, (2.2), (2.3), h 0 h, b 0 b.
. :
h = h (h 0 + h ), (2.8)
, h , .
:
V = V max ∙ f, (2.9)
, f ; V , /.
f . 2.1.
2.1
( f)
| h / h | |||
| 0,1 | 0,20 | 0,23 | 0,30 |
| 0,2 | 0,38 | 0,43 | 0,50 |
| 0,4 | 0,60 | 0,64 | 0,72 |
| 0,6 | 0,76 | 0,84 | 0,96 |
| 0,8 | 0,92 | 1,05 | 1,18 |
| 1,0 | 1,12 | 1,20 | 1,32 |
|
|
|
. 2.2.
2.2
(%) (V = 3 4 /)
| , | ||||||
| - | - | |||||
| - | ||||||
| - | - | |||||
| - | - | - | ||||
| - | - | - | - |
: V = 1,5-2,5 / 0,6; V = 4,5-5,5 / 1,4.
2.2.
: , , , (). J = 75 /, F = 300 2, b 0 = 100 , h 0 = 3 , V 0 = 2 /, 0 = 80 , ( ) h = 2.
:
1. Q 0 (2.1) (2.3):
Q 0 = 2 ∙ 0,5 ∙ (100 + 80) ∙ 3 = 540 3/.
2. Q max (2.4):
Q max = 540 + [(75 ∙ 300) / 3,6] = 6790 3/.
3. (2.6):
h ={2∙6790∙[(100-80)/(3,33+3,33)]5/3/(100∙2)}3/8-[(100-80)/(3,33+3,33)]=6,68
ctg m = ctg n = (b 0 a 0)/(2 ∙ h 0) = (100 80) / (2 ∙ 3) = 3,33.
4. (2.7):
V max = 6790 / 683 = 9,9 /.
S max (3), b 0 = 80 b ( ) b = 0 + 2 ∙ h ∙ ctg m = = 80 + 2 ∙ 6,68 ∙ 3,33 = 124,5 .
S max = 0,5 ∙ ( 0 + b) ∙ h = 0,5 ∙ (80 + 124,5) ∙ 6,68 = 683 2
5. (2.8):
h = 6,68 3 2 = 1,7 .
6. (9). h / h = 0,25 f, . 2.1 0,44:
V = 9,9 ∙ 0,44 = 4,3 /.
7. . 2.2. 85 % , 30 % , 50 % . , 30 % - .
|
|
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8. . 2.3 , 4,4 / 1,7 . .
2.3
,
| V, / | h, | V, / | h, | V, / | h, | ||||||
| 3.0 | 2,0 | 2,5 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| (12 ) | 3,5 | 2.0 | 2,5 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |||||
| 5,0 | 2,5 | 3,5 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | ||||||
| (4 ) | 6,0 | 3,0 | 4,0 | 2,5 | 2,5 | 1,5 | |||||
| ( ) | 7,5 | 4,0 | 6,0 | 3,0 | 3,0 | 1,5 | |||||
| V, / | h, | V, / | h, | V, / | h, | ||||||
| , | 12,0 | 4,0 | 9,0 | 3,0 | 4,0 | 1,5 | |||||
| , | 4,0 | 6,0 | 2,0 | 4,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |||||
| 3.0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| 4.0 | 1,5 | 3,0 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| - | 5,0 | 2,0 | 4,0 | 2,0 | 2.0 | 1,0 | |||||
| 16 | 8,0 | 6,0 | 6,0 | 3,0 | 2,0 | 2,0 | |||||
| , | |||||||||||
| ( ) | 1,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | 1,5 | 0,0 | 0,5 | |||||
. 2.3
| V, / | h, | V, / | h, | V, / | h, | |||||
| 2,0 | 3,0 | 1,0 | 2,0 | 0,0 | 0,5 | |||||
| (30100 ) | 2,0 | 3,0 | 1,0 | 2,0 | 0,0 | 0,5 | ||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 0,5 | 0,5 | |||||
| () | 2,5 | 2,0 | 1,0 | 1,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | ||||
| 4,0 | 3,0 | 2,0 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1,0 | 1,0 | |||||
| 3,5 | 3,0 | 3,0 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1,0 | |||||
| , 2 | 5,0 | 2,0 | 4.0 | 1,5 | 2,0 | 1,5 | ||||
| ( , ) | 7,0 | 2,0 | 4,0 | 1,5 | 2,0 | 1,5 | ||||
1. (. 2.1).
2. , , , . (. 2.4).
3.
3.1. ?
3.2. ?
3.3. ?
3.4. ?
3.5. , ?
3.6. ?
3.7. ?
3.8. . ?
3.9. , , ?
|
|
|
3.10. ?
3.11. ?
2.4
| / | , | , 2 | , | , | , / | , | , | |
| 2,0 | 2,0 | |||||||
| 1,5 | 1.5 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 3,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| 2,5 | 2,0 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 3,0 | 1,5 | 2,0 | ||||||
| 3,5 | 3,0 | - | 2,5 | |||||
| 4,0 | 1,0 | 2,0 | ||||||
| 4,5 | 1,5 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 1,5 | 2,5 | 1.0 | ||||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | - | 2,5 | |||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | |||||||
| 1,5 | 1.5 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 3,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| 2,5 | 2,0 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 3,0 | 1,5 | 2,0 | ||||||
| 3,5 | 3,0 | - | 2,5 | |||||
| 4,0 | 1,0 | 2,0 | ||||||
| 4,5 | 1,5 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 1,5 | 2,5 | 1.0 | ||||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | - | 2,5 | |||||
| 2,0 | 2,0 | |||||||
| 1,5 | 1.5 | - | 1,5 | |||||
| 3,0 | 2,0 | 1,0 | ||||||
| 2,5 | 2,0 | - | 1,5 |
