:
34 + NaOH = NaH2PO4 + H2O; (1)
34 + 2NaOH = Na2 HPO4 + 2H2O; (2)
34 + 3NaOH = Na3PO4 + 3H2O. (3)
, (NaH2PO4 Na2 HPO4 ) (Na3PO4 ).
(1) , .. , f (34) (1) 1; (34) = 34; (34) = 1· (34) = 98 /.
(2) , .. , f (34) (2) 1/2; (34) = 1/234; (34) = 1/2 · (34) = 49 /.
(3) , f (34) 1/3; (34) = 1/334; (34) = 1/3 · (34) = 32,67 /.
2. : ) ; ) (III). , .
:
24 + 2 = 34 + 2 2;
Bi(OH)2NO3 + KOH = Bi(OH)3 + KNO3.
, .
, .
, . . () = . C 1/2 KH2PO4, , (2PO4) = 1/2KH2PO4; f (KH2PO4) = 1/2; (KH2PO4) = 1/2 ·(KH2PO4) = 68 /.
(III) , , (Bi(OH)2NO3) = Bi(OH)2NO3; f(Bi(OH)2NO3) = 1; (Bi(OH)2NO3) = 1 · (Bi(OH)2NO3) = 305 /.
, , , .. .
, , f (24)= 1/2; (24) = 1/2 24; (1/2 24) = 1/2 · (24) = 68 /.
(III) NO3, , (Bi(OH)2 NO3) = 1; (Bi(OH)2 NO3) = Bi(OH)2 NO3; (Bi(OH)2NO3) = 1 · (Bi(OH)2NO3) = 305 /.
3. 16,74 21,54 . . ?
, , , .
|
|
, , 21,5 16,74 , :
21,54 16,74 = 4,8 .
mMe ∕ M(Me) = mO2 ∕ M(O2); 16,74 ∕ M(Me) = 4,8 ∕ 8.
, () = (16,74 · 8) ∕ 4,8 = 28 /.
:
() = M(Me) + M(O2) = 28 + 8 + 36 /.
:
() = () ∕ f() = 28 ∕ 1 ∕ 2 = 56 /.
(Ar(Me)), ..., Ar(Me) = 56 ...
1. 1,17. .
, , .
m1 ∕ m2 = M1 ∕ M2
m1 ∕ m2 , .
,
= 1 ∕ 2 = 1,17
2 29 /.
1 = 1,17 × 29 = 33,9 /.
2. 2 2 ? ? .
:
2410 + 13 2 = 8 2 + 102.
, ( ). :
2 410 + 13 2 = 8 2 + 10 2.
2 13 8 (IV) 10 .
3. 800 ? ?
800 800 × 0,21 = 168 .
:
22S + 3 O2 = 2 SO2 + 2H2O.
, 2S , , :
2 2S 3 2.
2 168 2.
= 168 · 2 ∕ 3 = 112 .
, SO2 2S, . .112 .
4. 7,09 2,24 . . ?
mMeO∕ M(MeO) = V(H2) ∕ V(H2) (1)
. . 22,4 . V(2), , . . , 22,4/2 = 11,2 . (1) :
M(MeO) = mMeO·V(H2) ∕ V(H2).
M(MeO)= 7,09 ·11,2 ∕ 2,24 = 35,45 /.
|
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() = () + (2),
() = () (2) = 35,45 8 = 27,45 / (8 / ).
:
= ∕ ,
;
;
.
= × = 27,45 × 2 = 54,9 /
, 54,9 ...
1 (1V).
2 1 ?
3 27× 1021 ?
4 2 2 ? .
5 NH3 c l . NH3 Cl2 ?
6 , 600 1,714 .
7 CrCl 3 Cr2(SO4)3? .
8 FeCl2 FeCl3? .
9 2,45 2,0 . .
10 . . .
11 16,8 14,7 . .
1 , . . : / . . . .: , 2002. 464 .
2 , . . : . / . . , . . . 6- . .: , , 2004. 383 .
3 , . . / .. .: , 2010. 559.
4 , . . / . . .: , 2004. 274 .
5 , . . / . . .: , 2002. 653 .
6 / . . . , . . .: . ., 1972,.2 372 .
7 / . . . : . ., 1981. 431.