BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)- , .
BIOS, , , BIOS .
BIOS :
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POST (Power On Self Test );
CMOS Setap;
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BIOS ` ROM (Read Only Memory ' ) . ' , . , ` RAM (Random Access Memory ' ). ` . ' , 㳿 KMOH (CMOS). ' , , , ' CMOS.
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1. BIOS ( FFFFO ROM BIOS) .
2. POST, , ( `, , , ), . - , . ʳ ( ). .
3. POST BIOS , , , BIOS . , POST .
4. POST BIOS , ` , , .
5. ` CMOS , (, CD-ROM), .
ϳ POST CMOS Setup, . Delete (Del), ( ).
CMOS Setup () . BIOS CMOS Setup, . BIOS Plug&Play, , BIOS BIOS . CMOS Setup ( CD-ROM). ( ) , .
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, `. 8 , ` Pentium 64 .
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, . - ` 7,9 / (8- ISA), 2 / ( AGP8X).
. , , , (, , ). . . : ISA, PCI.
ISA. ISA (Indutry Standart Architecture ) (1984 .). 16- 8,33 8-, 16- ( 8,33 16,6 /).
, . , ISA, - DMA (Direct Memory Access ). , (, ).
DMA, . , , DMA , (), , . , DMA, .
ISA, .
Ѳ. Ѳ (Peripheral Component Interface ) Intel 1993 . Pentium. Ѳ Ѳ 2.2 32- 33 133 /, 64- 33 66 266 533 /.
Ѳ 2.2 , , Hewlett-Packard Compag Ѳ- ( eXtended ) 133 1066 /. Ѳ 2.2, Ѳ 2.2, Ѳ-.
Ѳ, (burst mode). , - , , .