- ,
-. 1) (Li, Na, K, Al)
() ,
. 2C2H5OH + 2Na →2C2H5ONa ( )+ H2; C2H5ONa + H2O C2H5OH + NaOH 2)
C2H5OH + NaOH = C2H5ONa + H2O 3) C2H5OH + H2SO4 C2H5O-SO3H ( )+ H2O 4) 2C2H5OH=(2SO4)= 25-C2H5 + 2
2. , 1) , ,
C2H5OH + HBr →C2H5Br + H2O C2H5OH + PCl5 →C2H5Cl + POCl3 + HCl 2) C2H5OH=(t*)= →CH2=CH2 + H2O
3. . .1) 2CH3H + 3O2 →2CO2 + 4H2O 2) CH3CH2OH + O →CH3COH + H2O= (O)= →CH3COOH 3) CH3CHOH-CH3 + O →CH3-CO-CH3 + H2O
4. , -
. 25OH →CH3-COH + H2; H3-CHOH-CH3 →CH3-CO-CH3 + H2
18) .
- ,
(, .).
: (), -1,2
-1,3.
2-2 - 2--3 - -1,2 2-2-2 - -1,3,
:
2- -21,2,3
:. - .,.
H2Cl-CH2Cl + 2NaOH →CH2OH-CH2OH + 2NaCl
H2Cl-HCl-CH2Cl + 3NaOH →CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH + 3NaCl
2. .
.
(CH2-CH2)O + H2O →CH2OH-CH2OH
4. () .
.
-. 1) , ,
. .
H2OH-CHOH-CH2OH + 3SOCl2 H2Cl-CHCl-CH2Cl + 3SO2 + 3HCl
1,2,3-
7.
- , .
.
H2OH-CHOH-CH2OH →CH2=CH-COH + 2H2O
|
|
|
8. .
. ,
3CH2OH-CH2OH + 8KMnO4 →3COOH-COOH + 8MnO2 + 8KOH + 2H2O
CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH + 6O →COOH-CO-COOH + 3H2
.
, .
. - 1. . 1) +,
C6H5OH 65O- + H+ 2) 2C6H5OH + 2Na →265ONa + H2; 6H5OH + NaOH →65ONa + H2O 3) , C6H5ONa + HCl →65OH + NaCl 4) - , 6H5OH + CH3OCl →6H5-O-CO-CH3 + HCl
5) . 6H5ONa + C2H5I →6H5-O-C2H5() + NaI; 6H5OH + CH3OH →6H5-O-CH3 ()+ H2O ,
. 1) . -
2) - -
(2,4,6 ( ))
3)
4) - ().
