(1- ). . :
) 2710 = (1 24 + 1 23 +0 22 +1 21 +1 20)10 =110112
) 12,2510 = (8 + 4+ 1/4)10 = (23 + 22 + 2-2)10 =
= (1 23 + 1 22 + 0 21 + 0 20 + 0 2-1 + 1 2-2)10 = 1100,012.
2- :
. 1210 .
: , 12, , , 2. :
, , ( 1), , . : 1210= 11002.
. .
. . , . , . , :
1012=(1 22 +0 21 + 1 20)10=(4+1)10=510
11012=(1 23 + 1 22 + 0 21 + 1 20)10 = (8+4)10=1210
1000001001,1012 = (1 29 + 0 28 + 0 27 + 0 26 + 0 25+ 0 24 + 1 23 + 0 22 + 0 21 + 1 20 1 2-1 + 0 2-2 +1 2-3)10 = (512 + 8 + 1 + 1/2 + 1/8)10 = (521+5/8)10 = (521,625)10
(, , , 2 , .)
, ,
20 = 1, 21 = 2, 22 = 4, 23 = 8, 24 = 16, 25 = 32, 26 = 64, 27=128,
28 = 256, 29=512, 210 = 1024.
́ ́ , () (), .
C :
C= Cn Pn +Cn-1 Pn-1 ++C1 P1 +C0 P0 +C-1 P-1 ++C-m P-m,
Ci , ():
* - (n );
* - (m ).
:
, ();
, ().
, .
C = Cn Cn-1 C1 C0, C-1 C-m
, . . , : 0-,1-,...(n-1)-, n-; : 1-, 2-,...(m-).
Ci ci :
Ci = i i.
Pi , , i- . P : P .
3.1. .
=10.
: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.
723,1910 =7×102 +2×101 +3×100 +1×10-1 +9×10-2.
3.2. .
=2.
: 0,1.
101110,1012 = 1×25 +0×24 +1×23 +1×22 +1×21 +0×20 +1×2-1 +0×2-2 +1×2-3
, , .
, n :
Nmax = Pn -1.
( 0) , m :
Nmin = P-m.
n, m , Pn+m .
3.3. .
= 2.
n = 10, m = 6.
N :
0,015<N<1024.
, , , . .
. , , 1, - . : ,
M - (|| <1);
r - (r - );
P - .