, , ( ), ( ). , , IF. ,
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. , 1,3,5,7, 10 20, 100 . , " ". .
. , / . ( ) .
SELECT CASE x CASE 1,3,5,7 ? "x=1, 3, 5, 7" CASE 10 TO 20 ? "10<=x<=20" CASE IS > 100 ? "x>100" CASE ELSE ?" " END SELECT | SELECT CASE x CASE 1,3,5,7,10 TO 20, IS > 100 ? "x=1,3,5,7 10<=x<=20 >100" CASE ELSE ? " " END SELECT |
. END () . . , . END , , .
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, .
-. -. - . ( IF) , . , , , .
, - . , .
|
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1. - Y(X) (. 2.3.1).
5+X <0
Y =5 0<=<10
100,5X X>=10
.2.3.2 2.3.3. , . , .
(2 PRINT y). IF, y=10-0.5*x. , 2. . - .
, . , .
INPUT x
IF x<0 THEN y=5+x: PRINT y: END
IF x<10 THEN y=5: PRINT y: END
y=10-0.5*x: PRINT y
2. , , . , , , . .
Δ +>=C >A
Δ
. 2.3.4 2.3.5 (- ), . , , ..
Δ +<C <=A
Δ
. . 2.3.6.
2.
INPUT a,b,c INPUT a,b,c
IF a+b>=c GOTO 7 IF a+b<c GOTO 15
? : END IF b<=a GOTO 15
7 IF b>a THEN? ? : END
15?
. 2.3.5 . 2.3.6
. . , . , , .. , , =Y . ( 2.3.1):
NOT | NOT A , | |
AND | A AND B , | |
OR | A OR B , | |
XOR | A XOR B , | |
EQV | - | A EQV B , |
IMP | A IMP B , , , |
2.3.1
, , , , .. ( ) . . (NOT) . , . 2.3.2. ,
IF X<10 THEN Y=5 IF NOT X>=10 THEN Y=5
|
|
, 2.3.3. . (AND) , . (OR) , . , : , , .
2 . .
INPUT a,b,c
IF a+b>=c AND b^2>a THEN? ELSE?
2.3.2 | 2.3.3 |
. , , , , .
IF a>b AND a>c AND c<a AND c<b
THEN? ELSE?
. , , , .
IF (a=1 AND b<>1 AND c<>1) OR
(a<>1 AND b=1 AND c<>1) OR
(a<>1 AND b<>1 AND c=1)
THEN? ELSE?
AND OR.
& . 2.3.1. , 1). 1, 2) 2.
x=2: y=4: z=3
if x>y or y>z then print 1 else print 2
@ . : A,B,C,D. : ...? ( ). : . -, . .
? |
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? |
? |
? |
? |
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? |
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|
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4. , 3 9, Y=(X6)2, 2 (. 2.4.3). - . 2.4.4.
. . -, - . . , (3, 5, 7,...) Y =9. 11 , >9 .
, . ( ). , , (, ) ( IF).
@ . Y=102X. : 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5,... .. , Y .
4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
x=3 2 IF x>9 GOTO 4 y=(x6)^2 ? x,y x=x+2 GOTO 2 4 END | x=3 x=3<9 y=9 3,9 x=3+2=5 | 5<9 y=1 5,1 x=7 | 7<9 y=1 7,1 x=9 | 9=9 y=9 9,9 x=11 | 11>9 |
. .
5. 4 , 4. , . , , .. ( I). (. 2.4.5) 1.
5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
x=3: i=1 8 IF i>4 GOTO 2 y=(x6)^2 ? x y x=x+2 i=i+1 GO TO 8 2 END | x=3, i=1 i=1<4 y=9 3, 9 x=5 i=2 | 2<4 y=1 5, 1 x=7 | 3<4 y=1 7, 1 x=9 | 4=4 y=9 9, 9 x=11 | 5>4 |
, (I=I+1). IF ( 4). I<=4 , (I>4) . . , , . -. , . I=1,2,3,... N (N ). : I=0,1,2,... N-1. : I=N1,... 3,2,1 0 .. , , 1 N.
. , .. . , .
6. N . - . 2.4.6, . S S=S+X. (S=0).
N=3 X=2,4,3 | ||||
6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
INPUT N=,n i=1: s=0 3 IF i>n GOTO 8 INPUT X=,x s=s+x i=i+1 GOTO 3 8 PRINT s | n=3 i=1, s=0 1<3 x=2 s=2 i=2 | 2<3 | 3=3 | 4>3 s=9 |
. .
7. S N
|
|
A1 A2 A3 A4 N
S = 3 + 6 + 12 + 24 +... + = åI
S1 S2 S3 S4
I AI1, . ,
SI= SI1 + AI, S0= 0
AI= 2AI1 A1= 3
,
S=0, S=S+A
A=3, A=2A
, . , , .
N=3 | ||||
7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
INPUT n | n=3 | |||
a=3: i=1: s=0 | a=3, i=1,s=0 | |||
3 IF i>n GOTO 9 | i=1<3 | 2<3 | 3=3 | 4>3 |
s=s+a | s=0+3=3 | 3+6=9 | 9+12=21 | |
a=2*a | a=2*3=6 | |||
i=i+1 | i=1+1=2 | |||
GOTO 3 | ||||
9? s | s=21 |
@ . N .
y=1+4+7+10+13+... | y=5654525048... | ||
y=2+4+8+16+32+... | y=18+20+22+24+26+... | ||
y=60+53+46+39+32+... | y=85+80+75+70+65+... | ||
y=48163264... | y=4240383634... | ||
y=2+6+18+54+162+... | y=20151050+5+... |
- 2.4.7.
. . , . , . .
:
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:
FOR a = 3 TO 7.5 STEP 0.8
NEXT a
FOR NEXT , , , 0.8 3, 7.5. : A=3; 3.8; 4.6; 5.4; 6.2; 7, .. 6 .
. : FOR c=b+2 TO k STEP x2. 1, . ,
FOR i=4 TO k STEP 1 FOR i=4 TO k
. : FOR NEXT , , I, 1, k. , (k).
,
FOR i=20 TO 10 STEP -3
I : 20, 17, 14, 11.
NEXT , , (, FOR), . .
. , ( ) . FOR , , , .
- FOR , . , . . FOR, , . , .
7 FOR. S N . - . 2.4.8 . , , , , .
N=3 | ||||
7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
INPUT n a=3: s=0 FOR i=1 TO n s=s+a a=2*a NEXT PRINT s | n=3 a=3, s=0 i=1<3 s=0+3=3 a=2*3=6 | 2<3 | 3=3 | 4>3 s=21 |
FOR ( ), GOTO,
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, NEXT.
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h=0: k=2: m=7
for i=k*2 to m-1 step 0.5
h=h+1
next
N=5 | |||||||||||
8 | |||||||||||
INPUT n kp=0: s=0: p=1 FOR i=1 TO n INPUT x IF x=0 GOTO 7 IF x<0 THEN s=s+x: GOTO 9 kp=kp+1 p=p*x 9 NEXT ? 7? s p kp | n=4 i=1<5 x=3 x≠0 x>0 kp=1 p=3 | 2<5 x=-2 x≠0 x<0, s=-2 | 3<5 x=1 x≠0 x>0 kp=2 p=3 | 4<5 x=-3 x≠0 x<0, s=-5 | 5=5
x=2
x≠0
x>0
kp=3
| 6>5
-5,6,3 |
8. N : S, , . . , S, KP . - . 2.4.9. N=5 =3,2,1,3,2. S=5, P=6, KP=3.
@ . N . S, , P. N=5 ( ). (=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
9. Y . X Y 1. i, .
9
INPUT " X Y", x, y
x = 12: y = 8
IF x<y THEN k=x ELSE k=y X Y K
FOR i = k TO 1 STEP -1 1
Y , (i)
IF x MOD i=0 AND y MOD i=0 THEN PRINT "="; i: EXIT FOR
NEXT
END
@ . N , , . , ( ).
, 10 |
, |
: , ( Ҕ) |
, 7 |
. |
, 2. . , . |
, 40. , . , |
, 3. , . , . |
@ . (N) . X. . 10000 . 10% , 50000 . 12%, 15%. , . . . . 12% , 1.2X.
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,
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k=13
while k>0
k=k-2
wend
2.5.
, () () . . , .
, N M ( N*M ) .
B11, B12,... B1M
A =[A1, A2, A3,... A] B = B21, B21,... B2M
.....
BN1, BN2,... BNM
, , . I BIJ (I) B(I,J). . .
. ,
üDIM _
. , DIM A(20), B(4,6) 20 24 (4 , 6 ).
, DIM (20) 21 ( ). , . , DIM Y(5 TO 20, 1 TO 8) Y, 5 20, 1 8. .
- , , , , .
INPUT n INPUT n,m FOR i=1 TO n
DIM a(n) DIM b(n,m) FOR i=1 TO n
FOR i=1 TO n FOR i=1 TO n PRINT b(i,j);
INPUT a(i) FOR j=1 TO m NEXT j
NEXT i INPUT b(i,j) PRINT
NEXT j NEXT i
NEXT i
N . N M . , . I , J. , J , . , : B(1,1), B(1,2),..., B(1,M); B(2,1), B(2,2),..., B(2,M);...; B(1,N), B(1,N),... B(M,N), .. . . NEXT j,i ( , ).
( ), INPUT PRINT. , , . , . (PRINT;), . , , NEXT j PRINT, . , , PRINT, PRINT USING ( PRINT USING ####.##; b(i,j);).
10. 30 . N=4 C=[5,2,7,4] ( m=c(1)). , . .
10 DIM c(30) INPUT n FOR i=1 TO n INPUT c(i) NEXT | ||||
m=c(1): k=1 FOR i=2 TO n IF m<c(i) THEN m=c(i): k=i NEXT ?m k | m=5, k=1 i=2 5>2 | i=3 5<7 m=7,k=3 | i=4 7>4 | i=5 7, 3 |
11. . N . . . N . i- ((i,1), (i,2), (i,3), (i,4)), . , X(i,5) , (i,4) /100 ((i,1)+(i,2)+ (i,3)+(i,4))/4 . , X(i,5)=(i,4)+ (/100)*((i,1)+(i,2)+ (i,3)+(i,4))/4.
I (i,1) | II (i,2) | III (i,3) | IV (i,4) | X(i,5)=(i,4)+(/100)*((i,1)+(i,2)+(i,3)+(i,4))/4 |
, S , S/N.
11
CLS
INPUT " ",N,P
DIM x(n,5)
FOR i=1 TO n
FOR j=1 TO 4
PRINT" " i "" j " ";
INPUT x(i,j)
NEXT j,i
s=0
PRINT" "
PRINT" I II III IV"
FOR i=1 TO n
x(i,5)=(i,4)+(/100)*((i,1)+(i,2)+(i,3)+(i,4))/4
PRINT USING "########"; i,x(i,1),x(i,2),x(i,3),x(i,4),x(i,5)
s=s+x(i,5)
NEXT
PRINT " =" s;
PRINT " =" s/n
12. . N. .
(. 2.5.1). X(i) X(j). , - (i) , . i. ((4)), : 1,2,3,4; 2,1,3,4; 3,1,2,4; 4,1,2,3; 4,3,2,1.
| |||
13. . ( -, -).
. 2.5.2 6 6. , , I J J I, .. A(I,J) A(J,I).
. .