( ). - , ( ). :
_ (< >)
< >
{
<>
<>
}
, (, ). , , .
( main), . . . , . . .
, , ( ) .
. 15 , .
97
#include<stdio.h>
main ()
(
int i,print();
for (i=l;i<=15;i++) print();
{
print() /* */
)
printf (" \n);
}
( ) , . ) . .
, , , . - , - , . , . , ( ) (. 97). , . : 98, , , z, [1;20] x^2 = ^2 + z^2.
98
#include<stdio.h>
main()
(
int , , z, zero();
char p, q, ch();
x=2; y=45; z=0;
q=o;
printf(" "); zero(x);
printf("x+y+(x+y)^z= "); zero(x+y+(x+y)^z);
printf("q= "); ch(q);
}
int zero(u)
int u;
(
printf("%d\n",u);
)
char ch(u)
char u;
{
printf("%c\n",u);
)
:
|
|
|
x=2
x+y+(x+y)^z= 94
q=0
99
#include<stdio.h>
main()
(
int x,y,z;
int zero();
printf(" :\n");
for (=1;<=20;++)
for (=1;<=20;++)
for (z=l;z<=20;z++)
if (y*y+z*z==x*x)
zero(x,,z);
}
int zero(f,g,h)
int f,g,h;
(
printf ("x= %d, y= %d, 2=%d\n",f,g,h);
)
:
= 5, = 3, z= 4
= 5, = 4, z= 3 x= 10, y= 6, z= 8
x= 10, y=8, z=6 x= 13, y=5, z= 12
x= 13, y= 12, z= 5 x = 15, y= 9, z= 12
x= 15, y= 12, z=9 x=17, y=8, z=15 x= 17, y= 15,
z=8 x=20, y=12, z=16
x=20, y= 16, z= 12
return; main . return :
return (<>);
, , .
( ) return (.. return ).
. , 8; 8, .
100
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int n, s();
printf(" ");
scant("%d", &n);
if (n<8) printf(=%d", s(n));
else printf(" ");
)
int s(x) /* */
int x;
{
int y,p=l;
for (y=x; y>0; y-) p*=y;
return(p); /* */
}
:
1. 4
=24
2. 9
: , x2 ( ) ( - , , ).
101
#include<stdio.h>
main()
(
int , , x, , z;
int odd();
printf("\n x, : ");
scanf("%d %d", &, &); =; =; z=l;
while (b!=0)
if (odd(b))
{ z=z*a; b- -;}
else
(a=a*a; b=b/2;}
printf("\n%d", z);
}
int odd(t)
int t;
(
return((t%2==0)? 0:1);
)
:
x, : 15 2
, :
( (, , ), , .);
. .
function 1();
. .
|
|
|
function2(&x);
. . , , :
function l(num)
int num;
, , :
function2(x)
int *x;
, , , . \ \ scanf(). num, scanf(''%d",&num). , , , , .
: .
102
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int , ;
int interchange(); /* int */
x=l; y=3;
printf("... x=l y=3\n");
interchange(&x, &y); /* ( ) */
printf("... x=%d y=%d", , );
}
/* */
int interchange(u, v)
int *u, *v;
(
int p;
p=*\i; *u=*v; *v=p;
}
:
=1 =3
=3=1
interchange(&x,&y) . , v, interchanage(u,v), , , .
, u v , :
int *u,*v; int p;
. , : =*u; , u - &, . , *u , . , , :
= u; /* */
, ., *u = *v = .
, . , , int. int, .
1. :
char pun(ch,n) /* */
int n;
char ch;
2. . ; ( ) .
main()
{
char rch,pun();
(, , ), - . .
:
auto extern
register static
(auto) , . , .
. , . , . .
|
|
|
, register, . , . register , . , , register, . .
, extern , . , , . , , . , . . ( ) .
.
. (, ..); , .
, -
int max;
char save[maxline];
max save, .
extern int max;
extern char save[];
max int, a save char ( ), .
, , ; extern .
103
#include<stdio.h>
int i=0;
/* - . - , */
/* . i=0 - . */
main() /* 1. */
(
auto int i=l;
/* 1 i=l - main(). */
/* i=l - /*
/* main(). /*
printf("%d\n", i);
/* , */
/* , */
/* , */
/* 1 i=l. */
{ /* 2. */
int i=2;
/* i=2 - auto. */
/* i=2 - 2, - */
/* 2. 2, -*/
/* 2. */
printf("%d\n", i);
/* i=2. */
{ /* 3. */
i+=l; printf("%d\n", i);
/* i,/*
|
|
|
/* */
/* 3. */
}
/* 2. */
printf("%d\n", i);
/* i=3. */
)
/* 1. */
printf("%d", i);
/* i=3 . */
/* i i=l. */
)
104
#include<stdio.h>
int a;
main()
(
extern int a;
int P ();
a=6; P();
)
int P()
(
extern int a;
printf("a=%d",a);
}
:
a=6
, . - (.. )
static < > < >;
. .
( ) ( - ). , .
, , - . , , \ extern.
.
. \ .
105
#include<stdio.h>
main()
(
int count;
int trystat ();
for (count=l; count<=3; count++)
(
printf (" %d:\n", count);
trystat();
}
)
trystat ()
{
int fade=l;
static int stay=l;
printf("fade = %d stay = %d\n", fade++, stay++);
}
:
1:
fade = 1 stay = 1
2:
fade = 1 stay = 2
3:
fade = 1 stay = 3
trystat()
trystat()
{
int fade=l;
int stay=l;
printf("fade = %d stay = %d\n", fade++, stay++);
}
:
1:
fade = 1 stay = 1
2:
fade = 1 stay = 1
3:
fade = 1 stay = 1
A-
- . . - . , stdio h , ,
#include <stdio.h>.
(scanf()) (printf()). , , , .
- . , - . , . : .
- , , . () () . .
- , ( ). , . . stdin, stdout stderr, - ( - ). - .
|
|
|
- getche(), , putchar(), . getche() , , , . putchar() .
, .
106
#include<stdio.h>
main()
(
char ch;
ch = getchar();
putchar(ch);
)
getche(). getchar() - , . getch(), , getchar(), , getch() .
gets() puts() () . gets() , ( ), , - . puts() - , . , str .
107
main ()
(
char str[80];
gets (str);
puts(str);
)
puts() , printf() , puts() , .
3.4
