. , .
, , () Past Perfect ( 3- ), Future-in-the-Past ( 2- ):
If you had done your job properly, we wouldn't be in this mess now. , .
If I hadn't married Kelly, I wouldn't liv e in Scotland now. , .
, , () (Past) ( 2- ), Future-in-the-Past Perfect, would have ( 3- ):
If we were soldiers, we wouldn't have done it like that. , -.
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if , : unless ( ), in case ( , ), provided that ( , ) .. .
I. Put the verbs in brackets into the appropriate tense
1. I wouldn't have brought the umbrella if I (know) that it was not raining.
2. If he is there he (answer) the phone.
3. I (not buy) these things if I were you.
4. I (bring) you some food if I had known that you were hungry.
5. If I had known you didn't like the food, I (not buy) it.
6. You will smell if you (not change) your clothes.
7. If you (wear) this coat, nobody would have recognized you.
8. She (not have) so many accidents if she drove more carefully.
9. I'll get lost if you (not go) with me.
10. If you shake that bottle, it (not be) fit to drink.
11. We'll have to walk if we (run out) of petrol here.
12. If you were unemployed, what (you do)?
13. Unless you turn that music down, I (go) mad.
14. I could repair the roof myself if I (have) a longer ladder.
15. If you (read) the article carefully, you wouldn't have asked anything.
16. What (you do) if you heard the alarm?
17. Someone (steal) your glasses if you leave them there.
18. If someone offered to buy you one of those cars, which one (you choose)?
19. If you go to London, where (you stay)?
20. If you pass the exam, we (celebrate) it.
21. If the weather had been better, we (come) by bike.
22. If Alice (have) more money, she would go to Africa.
23. They will stay longer in Paris if they (find) a cheap hotel.
24. If Sarah (not eat) so much junk food, she could have been in the school hockey team.
25. John's mother (have) more time for him if he does the washing up.
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26. If Steven had taken his camera, he (take) nice pictures.
27. If you listened carefully, you (know) about it.
28. If Brian (like) horses, he could ride well.
29. He can write good stories if he (feel) like it.
30. If you were older, you (go) to the party.
II. Open the brackets
1) (If / When) I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work out.
2) She hates TV. She thinks television is a waste of time. (If / When) she watches any television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program.
3) My friend always keeps in touch by mail. (If / When) I get a letter, I usually write back immediately.
4) If I (have) enough money, I (go) on safari to Kenya. However, my bank account is empty!
5) I love to travel! When I (have) enough money, I (go) abroad. I do it almost every year.
6) I really wanted to go on safari to Kenya with my friends, but I couldn't afford to go. If I (have) enough money, I (go) with them.
7) I'm sorry, I didn't know you were allergic to chocolate. If I (know), I (make) you a vanilla birthday cake.
8) Stop asking me what Amanda bought you for Christmas. Even if I (know) what she bought you, I (tell, not) you.
9) Nobody here speaks English. Too bad Gloria isn't here. If she (be) with us, she (can) act as our interpreter.
10) I am afraid I won't be able to come to your wedding next week because my company is sending me to New York to attend a trade show. I (miss, never) your wedding if I (have) a choice in the matter.
11) If the weather is nice tomorrow, she (walk) along the river to school.
12) If you help me move tomorrow, I (treat) you to a dinner and a movie.
13) If you were to help me move tomorrow, I (treat) you to a dinner and a movie.
14) If I were in Tahiti right now, I (snorkel) along a beautiful reef. I wouldn't be stuck here in this office with mountains of paperwork.
15) If Jerry hadn't stopped to pick up that quarter, he (cross) the street when the bus ran the red light. He might have been killed!
16) Tina's train arrived ahead of schedule. If I hadn't decided to go to the train station early, she (wait) there for more than twenty minutes before I arrived.
17) If I (pass) the test, I (get) an "A" in the class. Instead, I got a "C." I really should have studied more.
18) If I (be) rich, I (buy) that new Mercedes we saw yesterday. Unfortunately, I can't even afford a used car.
19) We (go) skiing this weekend, but there's no snow. Oh, well! We will just have to find something else to do instead.
20) If Heather spoke Chinese, she (translate) the email for you yesterday.
III. Fill in the gaps
1. If you come tonight, I ________ really happy. (to be)
2. I ________ that if I were you. (to try)
3. His mother ________ to him if she had known that he had a problem. (to talk)
4. If I were you, I ________ that job. (to quit)
5. If she calls me, I ________. (to answer)
6. If I had known this test would be so difficult, I ________ harder. (to study)
7. I ________ to work if I hadn't been so sick. (to go)
8. If I wake up before 8:00 AM, I ________ you breakfast. (to make)
9. If he knew, he ________ you. (to tell)
10. If I had gone there, I ________ her. (to see)
| I | II | III | |
| be | was; were | been | |
| bear | bore | born; borne | |
| beat | beat | beaten | |
| become | became | become | |
| begin | began | begun | |
| bind | bound | bound | |
| bite | bit | bit; bitten | |
| bleed | bled | bled | |
| blow | blew | blown | |
| break | broke | broken | |
| bring | brought | brought | |
| build | built | built | |
| burn | burnt; burned | burnt; burned | ; |
| buy | bought | bought | |
| can | could | could | ; |
| catch | caught | caught | , , |
| choose | chose | chosen | |
| come | came | come | |
| cost | cost | cost | |
| cut | cut | cut | |
| do | did | done | |
| draw | drew | drawn | , |
| dream | dreamt; dreamed | dreamt; dreamed | ; |
| drink | drank | drunk | |
| drive | drove | driven | ( etc.) |
| eat | ate | eaten | ; |
| fall | fell | fallen | |
| feed | fed | fed | |
| feel | felt | felt | |
| fight | fought | fought | ; |
| find | found | found | |
| fit | fit | fit | |
| fly | flew | flown | |
| forbid | forbad; forbade | forbidden | |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | |
| freeze | froze | frozen | ; |
| get | got | got | |
| give | gave | given | |
| go | went | gone | |
| grow | grew | grown | |
| hang | hung | hung | |
| have | had | had | |
| hear | heard | heard | |
| hide | hid | hidden | (-) |
| hit | hit | hit | ; |
| hold | held | held | |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | |
| keep | kept | kept | ; |
| knit | knit; knitted | knit; knitted | |
| know | knew | known | |
| lay | laid | laid | ; |
| lead | led | led | |
| learn | learnt; learned | learnt; learned | |
| leave | left | left | ; |
| lend | lent | lent | |
| let | let | let | |
| lie | lay | lain | |
| light | lit; lighted | lit; lighted | |
| lose | lost | lost | |
| make | made | made | ; |
| may | might | might | ; |
| mean | meant | meant | |
| meet | met | met | |
| misspell | misspelt; misspeled | misspelt; misspeled | |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken | |
| misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood | |
| overlay | overlaid | overlaid | () |
| pay | paid | paid | |
| prove | proved | proved; proven | ; |
| put | put | put | |
| read | read | read | |
| rid | rid; ridded | rid; ridded | |
| ride | rode | ridden | |
| ring | rang | rung | |
| rise | rose | risen | |
| run | ran | run | ; |
| say | said | said | ; |
| see | saw | seen | |
| sell | sold | sold | |
| send | sent | sent | |
| set | set | set | ; |
| shake | shook | shaken | |
| shave | shaved | shaved; shaven | (-) |
| shine | shone | shone | ; |
| shoot | shot | shot | ; |
| show | showed | shown | |
| shut | shut | shut | |
| sing | sang | sung | |
| sink | sank | sunk | ; |
| sit | sat | sat | |
| sleep | slept | slept | |
| smell | smelt; smelled | smelt; smelled | ; |
| speak | spoke | spoken | |
| speed | sped | sped | ; |
| spell | spelt; spelled | spell; spelled | / |
| spend | spent | spent | |
| spoil | spoilt; spoiled | spoilt; spoiled | |
| spread | spread | spread | (-) |
| stand | stood | stood | |
| steal | stole | stolen | |
| strike | struck | struck | ; ; |
| swear | swore | sworn | ; |
| sweep | swept | swept | ; |
| swim | swam | swum | |
| take | took | taken | ; |
| teach | taught | taught | ; |
| tell | told | told | ; |
| think | thought | thought | |
| throw | threw | thrown | |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | ; |
| underlie | underlay | underlain | |
| understand | understood | understood | |
| undo | undid | undone | |
| upset | upset | upset | (-) |
| wake | woke | woken | ; |
| wear | wore | worn | () |
| wed | wed; wedded | wed; wedded | |
| wet | wet; wetted | wet; wetted | ; |
| win | won | won | |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | ; |
| write | wrote | written |
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