: , , , , .
, , . , . , . . , , .
19 -
* | A=b*c; | |
/ | ( ) | a=b/c; |
% | ( ) | a=b%c; |
< x> = + =; - =; * =; / =; % = | a+=3; a=a+3; a%=c; a=a%c; | |
++ | ( 1) | ++; =+1; + + |
-- | ( 1) | --; =-1; - - |
+ | () | A=b+c; |
- | () | A=b-c; |
&& | "" | a&&b |
|| | "" | a||b |
! | "" | !a |
== | "" | a= =b |
!= | " " | a!=b |
> | "" | a>b |
>= | " " | a>=b |
< | "" | a<b |
<= | " " | a<=b |
() | ||
& | Ȕ (and) | 1&1=1; 1&0=0;0&0=0; |
| | Ȕ (or) | 1 | 1=1; 1 | 0 =1; 0 | 0=0; |
^ | Ȕ | (xor) 1^1 = 0; 1 ^ 0=1; 0^0=0; |
~ | Ŕ (not) | ~1=0; ~0=; |
<< | Δ (shl) | 0001b<<2=0100b; ( b ) |
>> | Δ (shr) | 0010b >> 1=0001b; |
< _ >= | . , < _ > : &,|,^,>>,<<. | &=b a = &b a^=ba = a^b a<<=b a<<b |
()
. , .
, , . .
20 -
( ) | ||||||
() [ ].> | → | |||||
~! * & ++ -- sizeof, () | ← | |||||
* / % | → | |||||
+ - | → | |||||
<< >> | → | |||||
< > <= > = | → | |||||
= =! = | → | |||||
& | "" | → | ||||
^ | "" | → | ||||
| | "" | → | ||||
&& | "" | → | ||||
| | | "" | → | ||||
?: | () | ← | ||||
= | * = | / = | % = | ← | ||
+ = | = | << = | >> = | |||
& = | | = | ^ = | ||||
, | → |
|
|
, .
. = b&ÆFF + 5; // = b&(Æ FF + 5);
b= + >> 1; // b=( +) >> 1;
= + + + b/5; // =( + +) + (b/5);
, . , . (,) : , Ȼ (&&) Ȼ (||), (?:).
. , .
func (i + 1, i = j + 2); //.
//
i= 0; // i int
a [++ i] = i; //
// a [0] = 0 a[1]=1
(x - 5) && ++ i // x =5, ++ i
int x, y, z, f();
z = x > y || f(x, y); // x > y, z = 1 , f()
//
// x £ y, f() , z=0,
// e f() , z = 1,
// f()
// printf (%d %d \n, ++n, p()2, n)
// n n+1.
; , char int.
.
char ch='a', ans; // ch ans
printf(" ch + 3 = %d", ch+3); // ch+3
ans = ch % 3; //
printf("\n\n ans = % d\n", ans);
char , , int. - signed.
(float, double .) , int, (%).
.
(<_>) <>
|
|
<_> (<>).
( ).
.
char short int , int.
(float double) .
() , , . -. , .
(unsigned) , .
. .
char, unsigned char short int, float double.
, - double, double double.
, - unsigned long, unsigned long .
, - long, long .
, unsigned, unsigned, .
void* ( ) .
.
, , .
. .
, ( ) , , , .
extern void* allos ();
doube* dp;
dp = (doube*) allos (sizeof (doube));
*dp = 2,6/8,4
17
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
main()
{float r1,r2;
int a,b,b1;
unsigned c,d;
char e,f;
unsigned char g;
float f1,f2;
clrscr();
printf(" u : ");
scanf("%f %f",&r1,&r2);
//printf("\n");
printf(" : %5.2f %5.2f\n",r1,r2);
printf("!r1= %d ",!r1); printf("!r2= %d ",!r2);
printf("r1>r2 %d ",r1>r2); printf("r1<r2 %d\n",r1<r2);
printf("r1||r2 %d ",r1||r2); printf("r1&&r2 %d ",r1&&r2);
printf("r1==r2 %d ",r1==r2); printf("r1>=r2 %d\n",r1>=r2);
printf("r1<=r2 %d ",r1<=r2); printf("r1!=r2 %d\n",r1!=r2);
// , : int r1,r2; float b;
{int r1,r2;
float b;
printf(" u : ");
scanf("%d %d",&r1,&r2);
// printf("\n");
printf(" : %2d %2d\n",r1,r2);
printf("!r1= %d ",!r1); printf("!r2= %d ",!r2);
printf("r1>r2 %d ",r1>r2); printf("r1<r2 %d\n",r1<r2);
|
|
printf("r1||r2 %d ",r1||r2); printf("r1&&r2 %d ",r1&&r2);
printf("r1==r2 %d ",r1==r2); printf("r1>=r2 %d\n",r1>=r2);
printf("r1<=r2 %d ",r1<=r2); printf("r1!=r2 %d ",r1!=r2);
printf("~r1 %d ",~r1); printf("r1|r2 %d\n",r1|r2);
printf("r1^r2 %d ",r1^r2); printf("r1&r2 %d ",r1&r2);
printf("r1<<r2 %d ",r1<<r2); printf("r1>>r2 %d\n",r1>>r2);
printf(" : r1=%d r2=%d\n",r1,r2);
r2=r1++; // 1++ 1--
printf("r2=r1++; r1=%d r2=%d\n",r1,r2);
--r1; r2=++r1; // ++1 --1
printf("--r1; r2=++r1; r1=%d r2=%d\n",r1,r2);
r1-=4; r2+=5; //
printf("r1-=4; r2+=5; r1=%d r2=%d\n",r1,r2);
a=r2-=2,r1+=5; //
printf("a=r2-=2,r1+=5; r1=%d r2=%d a=%d\n",r1,r2,a);
a=(r1<r2)?r1:r2;// r1<r2, =r1 =r2
printf("a=(r1<r2)?r1:r2; a=%d\n",a);
a=r2%r1; //
printf("=r1%r2; "); printf("=%d\n",r2%r1);
a=r2/r1; //
printf("a=r2/r1; a=%d\n",a);
b=(float)r2/(float)r1; // c
printf("b=(float)r2/(float)r1; b=%f\n",b);
}
float q=1.3,q1=2.4,raz;
printf(" a-(int), \
c-(unsigned), g-(unsigned char)\n");
scanf("%i,%u,%uc",&a,&c,&g);
b = (a & (c<<3));
b1 = (a & 3) << 7;
f = (a & 3) << 7;
f1 = q / (c | 0x3E);
f2 = a / (c | 0x3E);
raz=exp(q+q1)/4;
printf("g=%u, q=%5.2f, q1=%7.2f, b=%i, b1=%i, \
\n",g,q,q1,b,b1);
printf("f=%i, f1=%6.3f, f2=%6.3f, raz=%f\n",f,f1,f2,raz);
getch(); return 0;
}
/* u : 56 7
: 56.00 7.00
!r1= 0!r2= 0 r1>r2 1 r1<r2 0
r1||r2 1 r1&&r2 1 r1==r2 0 r1>=r2 1
r1<=r2 0 r1!=r2 1
u : 45 2
: 45 2
!r1= 0!r2= 0 r1>r2 1 r1<r2 0
r1||r2 1 r1&&r2 1 r1==r2 0 r1>=r2 1
r1<=r2 0 r1!=r2 1 ~r1 -46 r1|r2 47
r1^r2 47 r1&r2 0 r1<<r2 180 r1>>r2 11
: r1=45 r2=2
r2=r1++; r1=46 r2=45
--r1; r2=++r1; r1=46 r2=46
r1-=4; r2+=5; r1=42 r2=51
a=r2-=2,r1+=5; r1=47 r2=49 a=49
a=(r1<r2)?r1:r2; a=47
=r1%r2; =2
a=r2/r1; a=1
b=(float)r2/(float)r1; b=1.042553
a-(int), c-(unsigned), g-(unsigned char)
-34 6 7
g=122, q =1.30, q1=2.40, b=512, b1=256,
f=0, f1=0.010, f2=519.000, raz=10.111827 */
1 .
2 , , , . 5.
3 , .
4 .
5 , .
6 .
7 .
8 .
9 , .
, . 21.
|
|
21 -
: | |||||
(a + b)* | (c/ab) | a << = b | intshort | ||
(a*b)- | a|=b-c | a >> = b | longint | ||
(a / b)+++b | a<<=b/c | (a==c)&& (b<a) | a^=b | signedunsigned | |
++b-(~a) | a%=b | a > b | a%=b+c | doublefloat | |
(a+b)* sizeof(c) | (a+b)1/c | a < b | a>>=5 | intchar | |
--c*(*&a+b) | (a+b)/5 | a>=b | a&=abs(c) | long double double | |
A2+b2+c2 | 15ab-(1/4c) | a!=b | a<<=6 | float long | |
5b3-2a+c | c2+8b+10a | a||b | a&=b+c | floatchar | |
4a2+5b2 | 3a2+4b-8 | a&&b | a^=b | doubleint | |
3ab-4c | A3+b2-8c | !a | a%=(c+10) | doubleunsigned long int | |
c2+5a3-b | A2+b2-6c | (a<b)|| (c>5) | a|=20 | floatunsigned | |
2a+4c-b4 | A+2b+3c | a>=b | a&=(b+c) | intchar | |
A2+b2 | 2(a+b)-c4 | (a>=b)|| (b<c) | a^=abs(b-c) | long double double | |
(a+b)2 | c2-b3 | (a&b)^c | doublefloat | ||
2ac-3cb | 3a-4cb | (c!=b)|| (a==10) | (a|b)>>c | doubleunsigned long int | |
5c+2a4 | c5-2ab | (c<=a)&&(b!=a) | (b&&c)|(a--) | signedunsigned | |
A+b+c | 6a+3b3+c | (b==0)|| (c<=a) | a|=b+c | intshort | |
2a+3b+4c | 4abc | (a==1)|| (b<c) | a|= (c+10) | doubleint | |
A2+b3+c4 | A2+(b-c)5/3 | (a<b)&& (a>c) | a|=20 | doublefloat | |
A+2b+3c | (a+4b)1/3-c2 | (a>=b)|| (a<=10) | (a&b)^c | intchar | |
2(a+b)-c4 | A1/3+(b3-c) | (b<c)&& (b!=a) | a|=b+c | long double double | |
c2-b3 | B3+(a-4c)1/5 | (b<c)|| (a<b) | a&=b+c | doublefloat | |
3a-4cb | A+2b+3c | (a==1)&&(c!=0) | a&=abs(c-b) | intchar | |
c5-2ab | 2(a+b)-c4 | (c==0)|| (b!=100) | a%=b+c | long double double | |
6a+3b3+c | c2-b3 | (b!=0)&& (b<c) | (a&b)^c | intchar | |
4abc | 3a-4cb | (b!=a)|| (b<=c) | a%=b+c | long double double | |
A2+(b-c)5/3 | c5-2ab | (c<=12)&&(c>=24) | (b|c)|(a--) | doubleunsigned long int | |
(a+4b)1/3-c2 | 6a+3b3+c | ((a-b)<c)|| ((a*c) <100) | a<<=6 | floatunsigned | |
A1/3+(b3-c) | 4abc | (a<10)? (b):(b-c) | (b&c)|(a--) | intchar | |
B3+(a-4c)1/5 | A2+(b-c)5/3 | (b<=10)|| ((a+b)< (b-c)) | a^=abs(b-c) | long double double |
1 , , ?
2 ?
3 ?
4 ?
5 ?
6 ?
7 ?
8 , ?
9 ?
10 . ?
11 f(x)&&g(y) , ?
12 , .
10
.
: , , .
. , "", : - -. . , , .. "" , , , .. , . , , . , int a[10]; 10 [0], [1],..., [9]. float Z[13][[6]; , 13 0 12, 6 0 5. , Z :
|
|
Z[0][0], Z[0] [1], Z[0][2],...,Z[12][4], Z[12][5]
, , , . . , Z 13 -, , , 6 float. 0, .. 0 N-1, N - .
, .. , . , 31. . .
. n (0<n<=100) n [0], [1],...,[n-1], . :
/* */
#include <stdio.h>
void main ()
{ /*n - */
int i,n;/*b- */
float b,x[100];
while (1)
{
printf("\n n=");
scanf("%d", &n);
if (n > 0 && n <= 100) break;
printf("\n ! 0<n<101 ");
} /* n */
printf ( "\n :\n");
for(b=0.0,i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("x[%d] =", i);
scanf("%f", &x[i]);
b+=x[i]; /* */
}
b/=n;/* */
printf("\n =%f, b);
}
100 , n . . while 1, ( break) n, 0<n<101. n (b).
. - . . , , :
double d[ ]={1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0};
, . d[0] 1.0, d[l] 2.0 .. d[4], 5.0.
, . , , ( ):
int M[8]={8,4,2};
[0], [1] [2], 8, 4 2. [3],..., [7] .
, , , . . , , , . , , "" "", :
double [3][2]={{10,20}, (30,40), {50,60}};
: [0][0]=10; [0][1]=20; [1][0]=30; [1][1]=40; [2][0]=50; [2][1]=60;. :
double A[3][2]={10,20,30,40,50,60};
. , , :
double Z[4][6]={{1}, {2}, (3), {4}};
"" 5 4 :
int [5][4]={{1), {2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9,10} };
[4] . .
1 .
2 , .
3 , , .
4 .
5 .
6 , .
22
22 -
. | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
3 | |
4 | |
3 | |
4 | |
4 | |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | |
4 | |
5 | |
, [-10,20] | |
, [5,20] |
1 ?
2 1- ?
3 ?
4 ?
5 ?
6 ?
7 char?
8 typedef ?
9 ? .
10 ?
11 ?
12 ?
11
: , .
.
18
/* ..
,
random() .
.
x[1],x[2],...,x[N] y[t],
- z[p]. y[t]
z[p] , y1[t]
x[i]
y1[t]=y1[t]+2*exp(b*y[t]-y[t]*y[t]), b=N/5 */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
# define N 20
main()
{ clrscr();
randomize();
int i,t=0,p=0,b=N/5;
int x[N],y[N],z[N]; // ()
float y1[N]={2.3,3.4,4.0,5.2,6.6,7.9,8.34,9.8,10.4,11.2,\
10.1,9.9,8.7,7.5}; // 14, -0
printf("\n y1[ ]\n");
for(i=0;i<N;i++)
{printf(" y1[%2d]=%4.1f",i+1,y1[i]);
if ((i+1)%5==0) printf("\n");
}
printf("\n x[N]\n");
for(i=0;i<N;i++)
{ x[i]=random(40)-20;
printf(" x[%2d]=%2d ",i+1,x[i]); //
if ((i+1)%5==0) printf("\n"); // x[ ]
if (x[i]>=0) //
{ y[t]=x[i]; // y1[ ]
y1[t]=y1[t]+2*exp(b*y[t]-y[t]*y[t]); t++;
}
else {z[p]=x[i]; p++;} //
}
printf("\n y[ ]>0\n");
i=0;
while (i<t)
{ printf(" y[%2d]=%2d ",i+1,y[i]);
if ((i+1)%5==0) printf("\n");
i++;
}
printf("\n");
printf("\n y1[ ] \n");
i=0;
do
{ printf(" y1[%2d]=%3.2f",i+1,y1[i]);
if ((i+1)%5==0) printf("\n");
i++;
} while (i<t);
printf("\n");
printf("\n z[ ]<0\n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{ printf(" z[%2d]=%2d ",i+1,z[i]);
if ((i+1)%5==0) printf("\n");
}
getch();
return 1;
}
/* y1[ ]
y1[ 1]= 2.3 y1[ 2]= 3.4 y1[ 3]= 4.0 y1[ 4]= 5.2 y1[ 5]= 6.6
y1[ 6]= 7.9 y1[ 7]= 8.3 y1[ 8]= 9.8 y1[ 9]=10.4 y1[10]=11.2
y1[11]=10.1 y1[12]= 9.9 y1[13]= 8.7 y1[14]= 7.5 y1[15]= 0.0
y1[16]= 0.0 y1[17]= 0.0 y1[18]= 0.0 y1[19]= 0.0 y1[20]= 0.0
x[N]
x[ 1]= 8 x[ 2]= 10 x[ 3]=- 7 x[ 4]= 13 x[ 5]=- 1
x[ 6]=-14 x[ 7]= 5 x[ 8]= 17 x[ 9]=-14 x[10]=-19
x[11]= 13 x[12]= 8 x[13]=-10 x[14]=-16 x[15]= 5
x[16]= 9 x[17]=-11 x[18]=-12 x[19]=-16 x[20]=- 3
y[ ]>0
y[1]= 8 y[2]=10 y[3]=13 y[4]= 5 y[5]=17
y[6]=13 y[7]= 8 y[8]= 5 y[9]= 9
y1[ ]
y1[1]=2.30 y1[2]=3.40 y1[3]=4.00 y1[4]=5.21 y1[5]=6.60
y1[6]=7.90 y1[7]=8.34 y1[8]=9.81 y1[9]=10.40
z[ ]<0
z[ 1]=- 7 z[ 2]=- 1 z[ 3]=-14 z[ 4]=-14 z[ 5]=-19
z[ 6]=-10 z[ 7]=-16 z[ 8]=-11 z[ 9]=-12 z[10]=-16
z[11]=- 3 */
1
2 , , . .
3 , .
4 .
5 .
6 .
7 , .
23.
23 -
. | |
X(15). | |
X(25). | |
D(15). 3 | |
A(10). | |
Z(15). | |
X(25). , [-3,7] | |
Y(10). | |
D(12). 3 | |
A(8). | |
C(15). 8 | |
B(21). 4 | |
A(12). | |
X(8). 3 | |
G(9). , | |
Y(15). , 3 | |
A(18). , 5 | |
Z (10). , [1,12] | |
A(11). , [-3,15] | |
B (10). | |
A(8). | |
C(12). , | |
F(13). , | |
H(12). , | |
V(19). , [-20,-5] | |
N(11). 5 | |
K(15). , | |
Y(11). 5 | |
Z(14). 5 | |
R(13). 10 | |
N(11). 8 |
1 ?
2 ?
3 ?
4 ?
5 ?
6 ?
7 ?
8 ?
9 , ? ?
12
: , .
. . , 1<n<=100 n [0],[1],...,[n-1], . :
/* */
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int n,i,j;
double a[100],b;
while(1)
{
printf("\n n=");
scanf("%d",&n);
if (n > 1 && n <= 100) break;
printf ("! 1<n<=100! ");
}
printf("\n :\n");
for(j=0; j<n;j++)
{
printf("a[%d]=, j+1);
scanf(%lf,&a[j]);
}
for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)
for(j=i+l; j<n; j++)
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
b=a[i]; a[i]=a[j];. a[j]=b;
}
printf("\n : \n");
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
printf("a[%d]=%f\n", j+1,a[j]);
}
1 n, . 0 (n-1).
. - a[i], [0] [n-2], , a[i] . , [0] , [1] - .. , , . (n-1)*n/2, , .. .
. 0 n-2 a[i] a[i+l] (0<i<n-l). a[i]>a[i+l], . , , a[i] a[i+l] i. k - . :
do {
for (i=0, k=0; i<n-l; i++)
if (a[i] > a[i+l])
{
b=a[i]; a[i]=a[i+1]; a[i+1]=b;
k=k+l;
}
n--;
}
while (k > 0);
. [n-1] . [n-2] .. , j-o a[n-j],...,a[n-l] , 0<i<(n-j-l). n 1.
, (n-1) , k 0. , , (n-1), (n-1)*n/2 .
. , 24. .
24
. | |
5 | |
4 | |
3 | |
, [1,30], | |
, [-20,20], | |
5 50 | |
, [1,25] | |
3 | |
3 10 | |
5 20 | |
, 5 | |
3 |
13
.