() :
1) , ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) ;
6) ;
7) .
- .1. .
, .. , (), .
. , . .
.1. -
. . , ( ) , , - . , . . , . .
( ) , , .. . , . . (roulette wheel selection), . , . , , . , , ch i i =1,2,.... N ( N ) v (ch i),
(2)
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(3)
F (ch i) - ch i, a ps (ch i) - ch i. , (.. ) . , , . . [0, 100], [a, b], a b , ; , 0 ≤ < b ≤ 100. [0, 100], .
, (mating pool) N, .
, , .
: (crossover) (mutation). , . , , - . , , ( 0,5 ≤ ≤ 1), ( 0 ≤ pm ≤ 0,1). ,
, , .
. ( ). , , . . pc. () , . L , , lk , L. [1, L -1] :
1) , 1 lk , lk + 1 L - ;
2) , 1 lk , lk + 1 L - .
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pm (.. 0 1 ). , [100110101010] 7, , 1, 0, [100110001010]. , , , . pm , , [0, 1] , pm.
. , , . . , , , .. . , .
. , , .. . .
, , .
- (.. ), , . , , . , , , .
. , pc. , N, pc = 2/ N. , N 2z (z ≤ N / 2), z , pc = 2z/ N. , , pc = 1. .
pm , . 0 1 . pm, , , . - , . . , - .
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() , : , . . , , . , , - () .
, .
.
, . , 12 , 8 . , , 12 . , .
, . 8 12 . :
ch1 = [111001100101] | ch5 = [010001100100] |
ch2 = [001100111010] | ch6 = [010011000101] |
ch3 = [011101110011] | ch7 = [101011011011] |
ch4 = [001000101000] | ch8 = [000010111100] |
. , . . F. :
F(ch1) = 7 | F(ch5) = 4 |
F(ch2) = 6 | F(ch6) = 5 |
F(ch3) = 8 | F(ch7) = 8 |
F(ch4) = 3 | F(ch8) = 5 |
ch3 ch7 . . - (.1) , .
. . (2) (3) 8 ( - , N = 8) , (.2)
.2.
v(ch1) = 15,22 | v(ch5) = 8,70 |
v(ch2) = 13,04 | v(ch6) = 10,87 |
v(ch3) = 17,39 | v(ch7) = 17,39 |
v(ch4) = 6,52 | v(ch8) = 10,87 |
[0, 100], , .. .
, 8 :
79 44 9 74 44 86 48 23
:
ch7 ch3 ch1 ch7 ch3 ch7 ch4 ch2
, ch7 , ch3 - . . ch4 . .
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. , , , . , pc = 1, pm = 0. ,
ch2 ch7, ch1 ch7, ch3 ch4, ch3 ch7
lk = 4, lk = 3, lk = 11, lk = 5. , .3.
[001100111010] [101011011011] lk = 4 | → | [001111011011] [101000111010] |
[111001100101] [101011011011] lk = 3 | → | [111011011011] [101001100101] |
[011101110011] [001000101000] lk = 11 | → | [011101110010] [001000101001] |
[011101110011] [101011011011] lk = 5 | → | [011101011011] [101011110011] |
.3.
4 . , , ch3 ch3 ch4 ch7 ch3 ch4 ch3 ch7, , ch3 ch3 . , . , , .. .
. ( . 3) :
Ch1 = [001111011011] | Ch5 = [011101110010] |
Ch2 = [101000111010] | Ch6 = [001000101001] |
Ch3 = [111011011011] | Ch7 = [011101011011] |
Ch4 = [101001100101] | Ch8 = [101011110011] |
.
- (.1) , .. , . :
F(Ch1) = 8 | F(Ch5) = 7 |
F(Ch2) = 6 | F(Ch6) = 4 |
F(Ch3) = 9 | F(Ch7) = 8 |
F(Ch4) = 6 | F(Ch8) = 8 |
, , . , Ch3 , . , , , . , , .