( )
, . .
4 : the Continuous Tenses (), the Perfect Tenses (, ), the Perfect Continuous Tenses ( - ), the Indefinite Tenses ( ). , . , , , , : , , , .
, , , , . . , . , , .. 4- (tenses) 3 (time).
I. The Continuous Tenses ( ) , , - . , , . , . ( 7 , 8 . .) ( , . .). , . , Continuous: 1. () , (, . .) 2. 9 , (. . .) 3. , , (. . .)
The Continuous Tenses :
To be +V+ing, to be , . . to be ( , ) , . . ( not , , , , , ). V (- verb), 3- (, ) : V + ing. .:
1. . You are reading about the Continuous Tenses. ( are.)
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2. , , . Yesterday when he came home his sister was reading. ( was.)
3. . Tomorrow at this time students will be reading for exams. ( will be.)
, , : I. , II. , , , III . . ;
I. 1. , , . 2. , ? 3. , . 4. , .
II. 1. ? 2. , . 3. , . 4. , .
III. I. , ? (were/are talking) 2. ? (were/are talking) 3. ! (is/was dancing) 4. , - , (is/was dancing) 5. ; 5 , . (wil be/are/were discussing)
: I. 2,; 3. ; II. 1, 3, 4 III. 1,-were; 2.- are; 3.- is; 4.- was; 5.- will be.
II. The Perfect Tenses (, , , - (). , . , , ! ( ) ( ), Present Perfect ( ). Present Perfect:
1. ! ( , .)
2. , , , ( , .)
, .
- () , Past Perfect ( ).
Past Perfect:
1. , . ( , , .)
2. 5 .
- , Future Perfect ( ). Future Perfect:
1. 20%.
2. 30- .
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The Perfect Tenses : to have+3fV .:
1. , , . I have translated this article, therefore I know what it is about.
2. 1980 . By 1980 they had moved to Leningrad.
3. . By the end of the term you will have studied the material.
, , : I. , II. , - , III . .
I. 1. , . 2. , . 3. . 4. , .
II. 1. 1981 . 2. 1981 . 3. . 4. .
III. 1. ? , . (have/had you finished)
2. , (had/have finished)
3. , , (has/had gone) 4. , , (had/will have/has gone) 5. , ? (have/had made) 6. , (will have/had/has worked out)
: I. 1, 2, 4; II. 2, 4; III. l.-have; 2.-had; 3,-has; 4.-had; 5.-have; 6.-will have.
III. The Perfect Continuous Tenses ( ) , - ( , ). 15 , .., , 2 . . 2- , , . Perfect Continuous:
1. , (, . . ., , )
2. ( ) 5 . (. . . .)
3. 4- 3,5 , ( , . , . .,
The Perfect Continuous Tenses : Perfect to be +V+ing. .:
1. 20 You have been reading this grammar material for 20 minutes
2. . had been learning the language for a long time before he passed the exam.
3. 1990 . e 3- . By 1990 scientists will have been studying this problem for over 3 years.
, . , .
1. 10 . 2. . 3. 2 . 4. . 5. ? 6.
: 1, 3. 4, 6.
IV. The Indefinite Tenses ( ) ynope , , ( , ) (15 , 1978 , , , , XIX . .), , . Indefinite:
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1. 7 , , .
2. , .
3. 1981.
4. 25 .
5. .
Indefinite 1- to. Present Indefinite -s 3- . , Past Indefinite -ed ( 2- ). Future Indefinite shall (1- . . ) will ( , II), 1- to. .:
1. . This student knows, the material well.
2. 6 , . They come from work at 6 o'clock, have supper and watch TV.
3. . passed exams last month.
4. . Well go to the cinema tonight.
. , . , , . :
1. , ) . ) , ) .
2. , ) . ) ) .
: 1. ) , ) , ) .
2. ) , ) , ) .
| Continuous | Indefinite | Perfect | Perfect Continuous | |
| to be+V+ing | V | to have+V+ed (3f) | Perfect to be+V+ing | |
| Present | am is + V+ing are | V + s(3 . ..) V | have + V+ed has | have been + V+ing has been |
| Past | was + V+ing were | V + ed (2f) | had + V+ed | had been + V+ing |
| Future | shall be + V+ing has be | shall + V will | shall have + V+ed will have | shall have been + V+ing will have been |
| , | , |
-: 1) V+ed, V+s
2) 8 to be be, been, being, am, is, are, was, were
3) 3 to have have, has, had; 4) shall, will, do, does, did; 5) - must, may, might, can, could, need, ought.
