, , , (. 3-15):
. 3-15. |
Pd |
Ps |
P |
Q |
S |
D |
(Ps) , .
(Pd) , .
(.3-16):
. 3-16. |
D |
Qd |
Qs |
P |
Q |
S |
. , . , , .
( . equilibrium). Pe = Pd = Ps, , Qe = Qd = Qs,
, .
, (. 3-17). , () PdEPe.
. 3-17. |
Pe |
Ps |
Pd |
() |
() |
E |
D |
S |
Qe |
P |
Q |
, , , .
, , .
( 0eEQe) ( 0sEQe) () ( PeEPs).
() , .
. .
: . . .
K |
B |
L |
A |
Pe |
E |
D |
P2 |
P1 |
P |
Q |
S |
. (. 3-18) ().
. 3-18. . |
P1, , . ( 2) .
|
|
Pe |
E |
D |
Q2 |
Q1 |
P |
Q |
S |
. (. 3-19):
. 3-19. . |
Qe, , , Q1: Pd>Ps, . , , , Q2: Ps>Pd, . Pd = Ps = Pe.
, . .
, ( . ). .
, . , , , .
, , . , .
. .
( ) (. 3-19), , ( ), . .
, , , , :
. 3-19. |
E |
D |
Q2 |
P |
Q |
S |
Q1 |
, .. , .
, , , , . , , .