101. There are levels of language.
a) 3;
b) 6;
c) 4.
102. Theoretical grammar is.
a) part of language which deals with language;
b) a linguistic discipline which aims at describing grammar rules;
c) a linguistic discipline which aims at describing language on a scientific basis.
103. Paradigmatic relations are established.
a) between structurally homogeneous language units possessing some common part;
b) between different forms of the same word;
c) between different forms of the same word and between structurally homogeneous language units possessing some common part.
104. Syntagmatic relations are established.
a) in speech;
b) in the system of language;
c) in written speech.
105. Grammatical meaning is the same.
a) with all grammatical forms;
b) with all words having the same grammatical form;
c) with all words beginning with the same prefix.
106. Grammatical category is a unity of.
a) the root and some grammatical or lexico-grammatical affixes;
b) words and their forms;
c) grammatical meaning and grammatical form.
107. The method employed to reveal a certain grammatical category is called.
a) the method of immediate constituents;
b) the method of binary oppositions;
c) the method of contextual analysis.
108. A grammatical category without constant formal markers.
a) can exist;
b) cant exist;
c) always exists.
109. The opposition within the category.
a) is obligatory though it is not always binary;
b) is not obligatory;
c) is not binary.
110. The category of degrees of comparison in English is established by means of a/an opposition.
a) privative;
b) equipollent;
c) gradual.
111. The traditional definitions of morphology and syntax are: morphology is that part of grammar which studies forms of words; syntax is that part of grammar which studies phrases and sentences. These definitions are based on the assumption that we clearly distinguish between words and phrases.
a) can;
b) cannot;
c) should.
112. Analytical grammatical forms consist of two elements.
a) the notional and the functional;
b) the notional and the derivational;
c) the auxiliary and full-meaning.
113. A paradigm can embrace.
a) simple synthetic and analytical forms;
b) only simple forms;
c) only analytical forms.
114. The peculiarity of English affixation is.
a) that words are synonymous with roots;
b) that words are antonymous with roots;
c) that words are homonymous with roots.
115. The suffix ity in the words necessity, peculiarity is.
a) exical;
b) lexico-grammatical;
c) grammatical.
116. The term is only applied to every morpheme serving to derive a grammatical form and having no lexical meaning of its own.
a) suffix;
b) inflection (ending);
c) root.
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117. is a way of expressing grammatical categories which consists in changing a sound inside the root.
a) suppletivity;
b) sound alternation;
c) suffixation.
118. The suffix er is added to teach-, driv- to produce.
a) new forms;
b) forms of words;
c) new words.
119. All prefixes in English are.
a) lexical morphemes;
b) derivational morphemes;
c) grammatical morphemes.
120. The function of the morpheme as a linguistic unit is.
a) significative;
b) predicative;
c) nominative.
121. Grammatical categories of the English noun are.
a) the category of gender, the category of case;
b) the category of number, the category of case;
c) the category of number, the category of gender.
122. The theory of analytical cases was introduced by.
a) A.I. Smirnitsky;
b) O. Jespersen;
c) M. Deutchbein.
123. Qualitative adjectives.
a) denote qualities inherent to things of the real world;
b) denote imaginary qualities;
c) denote qualities of things through some other things (material, time, etc.).
124. The ability of adjectives to form degrees of comparison is associated with.
a) relative adjectives;
b) stative adjectives;
c) qualitative adjectives.
125. claimed that in English there are two degrees of comparison: the positive and the relative.
a) O. Jespersen;
b) A.I. Smirnitsky;
c) M. Blokh.
126. In case of conversion when nouns are derived from verbs there may be.
a) a stress shift;
b) a vowel shift;
c) a great vowel shift.
127. The English category of aspect is connected with the lexical classification of verbs into
a) durative and terminative;
b) regular and irregular;
c) transitive and intransitive.
128. The category of order in English is.
a) a tense category;
b) an aspect category;
c) a specific category.
129. It is to establish the category of voice by means of the opposition asks is asked in which both the members are marked.
a) not possible;
b) possible;
c) incredible.
130. The category of voice in English is connected with the lexical classification of verbs into.
a) transitive and intransitive;
b) durative and terminative;
c) regular and irregular.
131. The difference between the doctors arrival (a phrase) and the doctor arrived (a sentence) lies in the following:.
a) unlike sentences phrases express negation;
b) unlike phrases sentences express predicativity;
c) there is no difference between them.
132. Each component of a phrase undergo grammatical changes in accordance with grammatical categories represented in it, without destroying the identity of the phrase.
a) can;
b) cannot;
c) should.
133. Intonation is one of the most important features of a.
a) word;
b) phrase;
c) sentence.
134. One-member sentences are sentences.
a) full-meaning complete;
b) elliptical;
c) composite.
135. Sentences ready-made units.
a) can be treated as;
b) cannot be treated;
c) should be treated.
136. Structurally sentences fall into.
a) simple synthetic and analytical;
b) simple and derived;
c) simple and composite.
137. According to the type of communication sentences are classified into.
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a) elliptical and two-member;
b) declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory;
c) simple and compound.
138. The interrogative sentence presents wanted by the speaker from the listener.
a) a request for information;
b) a command;
c) a reproach.
139. The communicative function of the imperative sentence is.
a) to induce the listener to perform (or not to perform) an action;
b) to let the listener perform (or not perform) an action;
c) to discuss with the listener how to perform (or no to perform) an action.
140. Principal parts of the sentence are.
a) independent;
b) interdependent;
c) dependent.
141. The minimal unit of communication is.
a) a word;
b) a word combination;
c) a simple sentence.
142. The sentence is a group of words based on relations which expresses a complete thought about an event of reality and is used with a certain aim.
a) predicative, communicative;
b) communicative, predicative;
c) structural, functional.
143. Components of predicativity are.
a) person, number;
b) person, time;
c) person, time, modality.
144. Means expressing predicativity are.
a) subject, finite verbal forms;
b) subject, intonation;
c) subject, finite verbal forms, intonation.
145. Primary predication establishes relations.
a) subject-object;
b) subject-predicate;
c) noun-verb.
146. Secondary predication is contained in.
a) subject-predicate construction;
b) gerundial, infinitive, participial constructions;
c) attributive constructions.
147. Structures of secondary predication function as autonomous sentences.
a) can;
b) cannot;
c) might.
148. The subject is.
a) dependent on the predicate;
b) dependent on secondary parts of the sentence;
c) is not dependent on any part of the sentence.
149.The subject is one of the main parts of sentence.
a) two;
b) three;
c) four.
150. The semantic structure of the sentence is often called.
a) surface structure;
b) deep structure;
c) syntactic structure.
151. Parts of language are....
a) morphlology and syntax;
b) phonology, lexicology and grammar;
c) phonology, lexicology, morphology and syntax.
152. The method employed to reveal a certain grammatical category is called....
a) the method of immediate constituents;
b) the method of binary oppositions;
c) the method of contextual analysis.
153.What do we call the positional variants of morphemes, that can't occur in the same phonetical environment (for example - immoral, illegal)?
a) allo-terms;
b) eme-terms;
c) allomorphs;
d) morphs.
154.What is the most productive among synthetic means of word-bulding?
a) affixation;
b) sound interchange;
c) suppletivity.
155.Such examples as "go-went, she-her, good-better, can-be able" are cases of...
a) affixation;
b) suppletivity;
156.What are criteria, according to which each part of speech can be classified?
a) combinability with words of other classes; meaning; form (lexico-grammatcal morphemes); the paradigm (grammatical categories); function in the sentence;
b) grammatical oppositions; combinability with words of other classes; meaning; form (lexico-grammatcal morphemes);
c) origin; analytical forms; the paradigm (grammatical categories); function in the sentence;
157. Grammatical categories of the English nouns are...
a) the category of gender, the category of case;
b) the category of number, the category of case;
c) the category of number, the category of gender.
158.Conversion is one of the ways of word-building by means of changing the paradigm according to... approach.
a) syntactic;
b) morphological.
159.What are criteria according to which we can classify English nouns?
a) proper / common; animate / inanimate; human / non-human; countable / uncountable
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b) bound / free; animate / inanimate; human / non-human; countable / uncountable;
c) animate / inanimate; proper / common; animate / inanimate; human / non-human;
160.What verb category is called "specific" in English?
a) order;
b) mood;
c) aspect;
d) case.
161.What are classifications of English verbs?
a) finite / non-finite; notional / semi-notional/formal; simple / derived / compound / composite;
b) qualitative / relative; direct / reverse; simple / derived;
c) notional / semi-notional / formal; elliptical / full-meaning; simple /derived/ compound / composite
162. The minimal unit of communication is....
a) a word;
b) a word-combinaton;
c) a simple sentence.
163.The subject is one of the... main parts of sentence.
a) two;
b) three;
c) four.
164.Two MAIN types of syntactic ties within the phrase are Agreement and:
a) adjoinment;
b) government;
c) enclosure.
165. What is the type of grammatical opposition illustrated by the following example play played ?
a) equipollent opposition;
b) gradual opposition;
c) privative opposition.
166.What is the type of grammatical opposition illustrated by the following example am is are?
a) equipollent opposition;
b) gradual opposition;
c) privative opposition.
167. What is the type of grammatical opposition illustrated by the following example strong - stronger - the strongest?
a) equipollent opposition;
b) gradual opposition;
c) privative opposition.
168. What is an uninterrupted string of morphemes?
a) the phrase;
b) the word;
c) the sentence;
169. What is a syntactic unit which contains predicativity?
a) the phrase;
b) the word;
c) the sentence;
170.What is a cluster of words connected in accordance with certain morphological and syntactic patterns?
a) the phrase;
b) the word;
c) the sentence;
171.What is the function of a phoneme?
a) differential;
b) significative;
c) nominative;
172. What is the function of a morpheme?
a) differential;
b) significative;
c) nominative;
173. What is the function of a lexeme?
a) differential;
b) significative;
c) nominative (mononomination);
174. What is the function of a word group / phrase?
a) significative;
b) nominative (mononomination);
c) nominative (polynomination) and denotative;
175. What is the function of a sentence / proposeme?
a) nominative and predicative;
b) significative;
c) nominative;
176. What is the function of an utterance / sentence group?
a) nominative and predicative;
b) significative;
c) nomination, predication, topicalization, stylization;
177. What is syntax?
a) is that branch of grammar which studies syntagmatic connections;
b) is that branch of grammar which studies paradigmatic connections.
178. What is morphology?
a) is that branch of grammar which studies syntagmatic connections;
b) is that branch of grammar which studies paradigmatic connections.
179. What is paradigmatic relations?
a) are established in connection with other units of the same level;
b) are established in connection with different forms of one word or the same forms of different words;
180. What is syntagmatic relations?
a) are established in connection with different forms of one word or the same forms of different words;
b) are established in connection with other units of the same level;
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181. The following words go, will go, had gone, went, is going are forms of the same:
a) lexeme;
b) grammeme;
182. The following forms of the words bigg er, clos er, lat er, more irritating illustrate the usage of the same
a) lexeme;
b) grammeme.
183. According to the degree of self-dependence the morphemes look, moral, bear illustrate :
a) free morpheme;
b) bound morpheme;
184. According to the degree of self-dependence the morphemes un-, il-, -ful, -able illustrate :
a) bound morpheme;
b) free morpheme;
185. The following forms of the verbs went, looked, easier serve as an example of...:
a) synthetic grammatical form;
b) analytical grammatical form;
186. The following forms has been reading, more beautiful, has gone serve as an example of
a) analytical grammatical form;
b) synthetic grammatical form;
187. According to the fundamental meaningsuch morphemes as mother-in-law, root, reality are defined as...;
a) grammatical;
b) lexico-grammatical;
c) lexical morphemes;
188. According to the fundamental meaningsuch morphemes as de-, for-, er-, -less, -ity, -ful are defined as;;
a) grammatical;
b) lexico-grammatical;
c) lexical morphemes;
189. According to the fundamental meaningsuch morphemes as es, -ing, -ed, -er, -est, -s, -en are defined as.
a) grammatical;
b) lexico-grammatical;
c) lexical morphemes;
190. Define the type of the morphemic distribution in the following example works working:
a) non-contrastive;
b) contrastive;
c) complementary;
191. Define the type of the morphemic distribution in the following example learned learnt:
a) non-contrastive;
b) contrastive;
c) complementary;
192. Define the type of the morphemic distribution in the following example working teaching:
a) non-contrastive;
b) contrastive;
c) complementary.
193. Give definition to the term qualitative adjectives:
a) are those that describe properties of a substance through their relation to other substance or material, place, time, action (wooden, Italian, weekly);
b) are those that denote different properties of a substance directly (warm, beautiful).
194. Give definition to the term relative adjectives.
a) are those that describe properties of a substance through their relation to other substance or material, place, time, action (wooden, Italian, weekly);
b) are those that denote different properties of a substance directly (warm, beautiful).
195. The binary opposition wrote had written reveal
a) The category of order;
b) The category of aspect;
c) The category of voice;
d) The category of tense;
196. The binary opposition works is working reveal:
a) The category of order;
b) The category of tense;
c) The category of voice;
d) The category of aspect;
197. The binary opposition asks is asked reveal:
a) The category of order;
b) The category of tense;
c) The category of voice;
d) The category of aspect;
198 The ternary opposition. is reading was reading will be reading reveal:
a) The category of order;
b) The category of tense;
c) The category of voice;
d) The category of aspect;
199. What is agreement?
a) is such a way to connect words when the leading element influences the form of the dependent word (and the latter has the same form);
b) is such a way to connect words when the form of the leading / head word requires a certain form of the subordinate word, but these forms do not coincide;
200. What is government?
a) is such a way to connect words when the form of the leading / head word requires a certain form of the subordinate word, but these forms do not coincide;
b) is such a way to connect words when the leading element influences the form of the dependent word (and the latter has the same form);
