Poetess, hostess, lioness, actress, waitress, princess, tigress.
IV. Write out examples where -s is a lexical suffix?
Customs, traditions, airs, words, works, glasses, arms, pens, lamps, costs, spirits, looks, lamps, colours, tricks.
V. Many nouns of abstract nature can be concretized. Decide what makes them concrete. Think of the shift of meaning. Study examples of the following kind:
Contribution contributions
Difficulty difficulties, a difficulty
Translate the following. omment on the nouns formed up by s.
1. A careful reading of the Prime Ministers explanations shows that the anxietie s of the MPs were more than justified.
2. He would go on taking chances.
3. Their own imaginations needed no comment.
4. She wanted to get out of Warmlesley Vale, up into the hills and open spaces.
5. Over the past 20 years there have been considerable improvements.
VI. What is the exact meaning of the plural forms in the following examples?
1. She likes French wines.
2. This shop has a good choice of teas.
3. He is reaching The Snows of Kilimanjaro.
4. The country supplies different fruits.
5. He spoke about the sands of the Sahara and the frosts of the Arctic.
VII. Identify the genitives (using transformations if needed).
a) childrens room b) brother house
________ education _______ arrival
________ directness _______ arrest
________ tricks _______ report
________ footware _______ passport
c) a miles journey
two hours delay
a weeks holidays
cats manners
dogs life
SEMINAR 3
VERB
1. Verb as a specific part of speech: semantics, word-building patterns and syntactical functions.
2. Finite and non-finite forms.
3. Grammatical categories of the verb: mood.
4. The category of voice. Types of passive constructions in English.
5. The category of tense.
6. The category of aspect.
7. The category of phase.
Reading material.
1. , .. / .. , .. . .: , 1973. . 131-140, 147-160
2. , .. / .. . .: , 1983. . X, XII, XIVXVII.
3. , .. . / .. , .. , .. . .: , 1981. P. 4665, 6880
Tasks and Exercises.
I. Which verbs are terminative
durative
of double (mixed) character
1. break
2. live
3. see
4. move
5. open
6. kill
7. close
8. love
9. die
10. look
11. cut
12. find
II. What is the main principle of classifying verbs into:
A. notional
b. semi notional
C. auxiliary
Group the verbs in the following sentences according to this principle.
1. The lesson began.
2. He began reading.
3. You must do it quickly.
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4. Do you know this girl?
5. She was in the kitchen.
6. The was the best student in the group.
7. The was reading for a long time.
8. She was tired.
9. She was helped at the exam.
10. He stopped to help his friend.
11. He stopped helping his friend.
12. He was stopped by the police.
13. He looked at the photo.
14. He looked old.
III. Compare the structure and meaning of the following sentences. What aspect of semantics can influence the choice of grammatical form?
1. I have been decorating the room.
2. I have decorated the room.
3. I have been living here all my life.
4. I have lived here all my life.
5. He felt better after he woke.
6. He felt better after had slept.
IV. Mark the sentences in which the paradigmatic aspectual meaning of the verb-form is shifted.
1. He is wasting time.
2. You are being awfully good to me.
3. They are watching TV.
4. He is just being silly.
5. But I am forgetting you: would you like some coffee?
6. He was playing football with his friends.
7. Tarzan was wishing that they might walk on like that for hours.
8. She is knowing too much.
9. She is thinking of emigrating.
V. Identify the meaning of the predicate (active, passive, middle, reflective, reciprocal).
1. The poems dont translate well.
2. They embraced and kissed.
3. He washed and shaved.
4. Hell never wash his dirty linen in public.
5. The door opens inside.
6. He gets beaten quite often.
7. He gets letters quite often.
8. They met at midnight.
9. They met a stranger in the street.
10. They dressed quickly and went out.
Seminar 4
Syntax
1. Syntax as a specific sphere of grammar. Types of syntactic relations: coordination, subordination, predication.
2. The main features of a sentence. Means of predication.
3. Functional sentence perspective: theme and rheme.
4. Structural classification of sentences.
5. Communicative types of sentences.
6. Principle and secondary parts of a sentence.
Reading material.
1. , .. / .. , .. . .: , 1973. . 2327, 293, 305.
2. , .. / .. . .: , 1983. . XX, XXI, XXII.
3. , .. . / .. , .. , .. . .: , 1981. P. 100124, 131134, 164171.
Task and Exercises.
