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Interrogative,Conjunctive and Relative Pronouns

 

who ( whom , ), what , , whose , which . .

who / whom, what, whose, which, that , , , .

who, whose, which, that . , .

 

Who translated this article? ?
Whose research is that? ?
Whom will you deliver your lecture to? ?
What has happened? ?
What are the mineral resources of the country? ?
What help will you give us? ?
Which of the articles interests you most? () ?
The student who translated this article ,
The scientist whose research is mentioned ,
The students to whom you will deliver your lecture ,
Nobody knows what has happened. , .
Experts did not know what the mineral resources of this country were. , .
I will give you what help I can. , .
The task which the students carried out ,
He was the greatest scientist that the world has ever known. , - .

 

Exercise 19. Analyze the pronoun in bold type and state whether they are conjunctive, relative or interrogative.
1. He turned from his work to see who was there.
2. Nothing she had done that morning was worth the time that she had spent on it.
3. Who could have thought that they would do it like that?
4. My group mate whom I met two days ago was very upset.
5. What time did she go off duty last night?
6. The painting that has been bought is very expensive.
7. Still it would be better to have some idea what he was going back to.
8. I remember you mentioned Wednesday and Friday. Which day shall we make it then?
9. The book which she gave me is very interesting.
10. He felt like one whose dream has come true, but too late.
Exercise 20. Fill in the most appropriate pronoun.
1. The man ____ was wearing a grey suit appeared to be Nicks uncle.
2. ____ of these T-shirts is of a medium size?
3. The car ____ has been repaired is a unique one.
4. A boy ____ mother is wearing a red dress is editors-in-chief son.
5. The book ____ she gave me is rather boring.
6. My former group mate ____ I saw yesterday entered Oxford University.
7. ____ is responsible for the second part of the article?

Universal Pronouns

 

All

 

all , , , . , all .

All , :

 

All flowers need water. .
All is well that ends well. , .
That is all that she asked me. , .

( ) the whole (of)

All day = the whole day

All Russia = the whole Russia

 

Exercise 21. Put allin the most appropriate space in each sentence.
1. I am happy to announce that ____ of you ____ have completed this course.
2. ____ the scientists ____ took part in the conference.
3. This is the movie we ____ have ____ been waiting for so long.
4. Ive been waiting for him ____ my ____ life.
5. ____ that ____ you need to know is in this folder.
6. ____ we ____ have to work intensively to get a promotion.
7. ____ his ____ family pictures were removed to the museum.
Exercise 22. Underline the correct or the most likely alternative form.
1. Cricket, golf and football, all of them / whole are very popular in Britain.
2. All of the / The whole countries in Europe took part in this conference.
3. He must be very frustrated. He was criticized all the / the whole meeting.
4. All the / The whole vacation lasts three weeks.
5. The goes cycling all the / the whole year round.
6. All the / The whole food in the restaurant was poisoned.

Both

 

both , , , the, . both. both , , :

 

Both (the) sisters live in Minsk. .
Both my sons are married. .
Both these buildings were built after the war. .
You have given me two examples; both are correct. ; .

 

Every, each

 

every, each . each , every . Each , , every .

 

Every student is tested twice a year. .
We greeted each guest. . (, .)
We greeted every guest. . ( , .)

 

 

every body, one, thing, everybody, everyone , , everything .

 

Everybody knows it. .
Everything is hopeless. .

 

Exercise 23. Fill in each, every, everybody (one)oreverythingaccording to sense.

 

1. ____ ought to obey parents. This is our duty.
2. All right, Mary. Now ____ is clear.
3. ____ student has to pass all the exams to get a diploma.
4. We congratulated ____ student on successful graduation.
5. There are no losers in this competition. ____ participant gets a prize.
6. I play tennis for an hour ____ day.
7. ____ of you should be present at the meeting on Monday.
8. ____ was very happy to be at her party.

 

Exercise 24. Complete the dialogue. Put in everyor each. Sometimes both are possible.
Kate: Its a lot bigger than your last apartment, isnt it? Did you say there are four people living here?
Ann: Yes, and we ____ have our own bathroom.
Kate: Does ____ person pay a quarter of the rent?
Ann: Thats right. On the seventh of ____ month.
Kate: It must be great for meeting friends.
Ann: Yes, it is. We dont have one ____ week, but almost!
Kate: Isnt that rather expensive?
Ann: Not if ____ guest brings something to eat or drink! Anyway, therell be no more parties until our exams are over.

 

Either, neither

either :

1) , , :

 

You may go by either road. ( ).

 

2) , , :

 

There was a huge fireplace at either end of the hall. ( ) .

 

3) , , ( ):

 

Take either pen (either of these pens). ( ).

 

neither , , either:

Neither of the examples is correct. ,

 

Exercise 25. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Neither of us felt like going there.
2. Either you apologize, or Ill never speak to you again.
3. Most of the songs were either in Italian or in French.
4. Has anyone stayed in either of these places?
5. Is he American or Canadian. I dont know. He speaks English, so he could be either.
6. Which of the two jackets do you prefer? As a matter of fact, I dont like either of them.
7. The adjective neither means not one or the other of two.
Exercise 26. Fill in eitherorneither.
1. I was expecting you ____ today or tomorrow.
2. We can meet ____ at six or at seven.
3. Nelly has two friends. ____ is in town now.
4. The weather is ____ cold nor warm today.
5. Which one do you want? I dont want ____.
6. There was no sound from ____ of the flats.
7. She ____ drinks, smokes, nor eats meat.
8. In ____ case the answer is the same.
9. They may be ____ here or there.

 

Other, another

 

other (another) , . another ( ), :

 

The building is on the other side of the road. .
Give me another example. .

 

Exercise 27. Choose the correct pronoun.
1. Would you like another / other cup of tea?
2. Can I have another / other chair?
3. Id like to buy a few another / other books.
4. I want to get another / other glass of tomato juice.
5. I see one of your friends. Where is the other / another one?
6. He is another / other candidate for this job.
7. Jack reads The New York Times daily. He doesnt read any other / another newspapers.
8. I will finish my work soon. I need another / other ten minutes.
Exercise 28. Complete the sentences with otheroranother.

 

1. I lost my watch, my pen and some ____ things.
2. I must put on ____ dress before going to the party.
3. Where shall we be in ____ ten years, I mean ten years from now?
4. I didnt want to join them for a picnic; I had ____ fish to fry.
5. This young man is very clever; he may be ____ Edison.
6. Will you have ____ cup of tea?
7. I dont like these jeans. Have you got any other ones in ____ size?
8. I can see only one glove on the shelf. Where is ____?
9. Where are ____ photos which you wanted to show to me?
10. Fanny lives on ____ side of the street.
11. This curtain material is cheap; on the ____ hand the quality is poor.

 

Exercise 29. Complete the dialogues with otheroranother.

 

1. Waiter, this chicken has one leg shorter than ____. So what? You are not going to dance with it, are you?
2. I was only in love once and that love had an unhappy ending. Did she marry ____ man? No, she married me.
3. Why is your car painted blue on one side and red on ____? Its a great scheme. You should hear the witnesses contradicting each other.
4. Kelly, why are you crying? I lost my pen. I promise to buy you ____ one.

 

Exercise 30. Reproduce the following dialogues using the given words.

 

1. Shall ____ take the table out into the garden?
Yes, please. And the chairs, too.
Right. Where shall I put ____.
Oh ____. Ill bring the tea.
Prompts: anywhere, I, them.
2. Excuse me, could you tell ____ where Paddington Station is?
Im sorry, ____ cant. Im a stranger here ____.
Prompts: I, me, myself.
3. By the way, I quite forgot to tell ____ that Ive visited the zoo.
Oh? When did you go there?
I went there last Saturday afternoon with a girlfriend. We ____ enjoyed it very much.
I havent been to the zoo since last summer, but ____ hasnt changed much, I imagine.
Prompts: both, it, you.
4. We havent bought the new furniture for Roberts room yet.
No. If ____ is going to use ____ as a study as well as a bedroom, he must have ____ extra things.
Prompts: a few, it, he
5. Has there been an accident?
As you see.
Can ____ see your driving license and insurance certificate?
Here ____ are.
(pointing to the other driver) Do you want to charge ____ person with dangerous driving?
Well weve exchanged particulars. ____ our cars are damaged a bit.
Prompts: I, this, both, you
6. It s Peters birthday the day after tomorrow. Ive had a new suit made for ____ to wear at ____party.
Are ____ going to have a lot of his friends here, Nora?
Oh, yes, didnt I tell you?
Are you going to cook ____ the cakes and things ____?
Some of them And the rest Ill have done by a shop.
Prompts: we, him, his, yourself, all, some.

 


(The Verb)

 

, , .

 

My brother works at a factory. I wrote several letters yesterday. . .

 

.

:

a) (Simple Verbs), : to go , to play ;

b) (Derived Verbs), : to mis take , to beauti fy;

c) (Compound Verbs), , : to whitewash , to fulfil ;

d) (Phrasal Verbs), , : to go in, to go out, to go away.

, , - .

(Notional Verbs) :

She lives in London. .

(Auxiliary Verbs) . : to be, to have, to do, shall (should), will (would).

She is working in the library. I have written a letter to my friend. I dont understand what you mean. He will be busy tomorrow. . . , . .

-(Link Verbs) ( , , , ). - to be . , : to become, to get, to grow, to turn ( ), to look like ( , ) .

He is a student. My coat got wet. His face turned white. . . .

(Modal Verbs), , . : can , , may , , must , - , need , ought to - , - .

I can help you. She must do it at once. You ought to come in time. . . .

 

(to be, to have, to do) , , , -.

 

( ) (Finite Forms) (Non-Finite Forms) .

, , , , . .

(the Infinitive), (the Gerund) (Present Participle, Past Participle) , . , .

:

1) ;

2) .

(Dynamic Verbs) , (to eat , to run , to write , to burn .).

(Stative Verbs) . :

a) : to adore , to admire , to care , to dislike , to fear , to hate , to like , to love .;

b) : to believe , to forget , to know , to realize , to remember , to suppose , to think , to understand .;

c) : to feel , to hear , to see , , to smell , to taste .

d) to apply , to belong , to contain , to depend , to include , to involve , to lack , to matter , to need ( -.), to possess .

(T ransitive verbs ) , , - , (to write a letter , to read a newspaper ).

(I ntransitive verbs ) , , , . . (t shine , t sleep , to go , to remain .).

() thePast Simple (Indefinite) Tense (PastParticiple) (Regular Verbs) (Irregular Verbs).

- ed.





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