Present Continuous Tense
Обозначает:
1. Действие происходит в момент речи, сейчас.
Now, at the moment
It is raining now.
- What is she doing? – She is cooking dinner at the moment.
2. Действие происходит хоть и не в данный момент, но вокруг этого момента или в ограниченный период времени (contemporary actions).
This (week, month, year…), today
Don’t take the book! I’m reading it.
He is writing a new book this month.
3. Запланированное действие в будущем (договоренность)
Today, tonight, next (week, month, year…)
I’m meeting Jane after work today.
4. Действие, которое происходит постоянно и имеет негативную эмоциональную окраску.
Always, constantly
I’m always losing my glasses. (Вечно я теряю свои очки!)
Образуется:
 |  |  |
+ (be) + ing
1. Немая –e отбрасывается
Take – taking
Но: see – seeing
2. Для сохранения краткого чтения корневой гласной конечная согласная удваивается
sit – sitting
3. Сочетание ie в корне стягивается в y
Lie – lying
Утвердительная форма
| 
|  ing
|  
| |||
| I You He She It We You They | am are is is is are are are | reading playing writing having breakfast snowing doing watching working | a detective story. with a ball. a letter. now. in London. morning exercises with our children. a TV program. in the garden now. |
Общий вопрос
| 
| 
ing
|  
|
| Am Are Is Is Is Are Are Are | I you he she it we you they | reading playing writing having breakfast snowing doing watching working | a detective story? with a ball? a letter? now? in London? morning exercises with our children? a TV program? in the garden now? |
Краткий утвердительный ответ
| 
|  
| ||||||||||
| Yes, | I he she it we you they | am. is. is. is. are. are. are. |
Краткий отрицательный ответ
| 
| 
|  
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| No, | I he she it we you they | am is are | (I’m not) not. (isn’t) (aren’t) |
Специальные вопросы
| 
| 
|  
| 
| |||
| What What What What Where What What Where | am are is is is are are are | I you he she it we you they | reading? playing with? writing? doing? snowing doing? watching? working | now? now? |
Глаголы, не употребляющиеся в продолженном времени
Stative Verbs
Глаголы, обозначающие состояние, чувства, восприятие, а не активные действия, не имеют –ing формы. Поэтому в таких случаях вместо Present Continuous употребляется Present Simple Tense.
1. Глаголы мысли (Verbs of thinking and opinions)
Believe
Agree
Mean
Think
Doubt
Imagine
Understand
Know
Realize
Suppose
Remember
Deserve
Expect
Forget
Prefer
2. Глаголы эмоций и чувств (Verbs of emotions and feeling)
Like
Love
Hate
Care
Hope
Wish
Want
Admit
3. Глаголы обладания и состояния (Verbs of having and being)
Belong
Own
Have
Possess
Contain
Cost
Seem
Need
Depend on
Weigh
Come from
Resemble
Appear
4. Глаголы чувств (Verbs of the senses)
Look
Hear
Taste
Smell
Feel
See
Обратите внимание на глаголы, которые меняют свое значение в зависимости от формы:
Think
I think it’s a very interesting book. (= я так думаю, считаю, мое мнение)
He’s thinking about buying a new car. (= обдумывает)
See
I see him every day. (= вижу,)
I’m seeing him tomorrow. (= увижусь, встречаюсь)
Smell
This perfume smells nice. (= пахнет, имеет приятный запах)
She is smelling the perfume. (= нюхает)
Taste
The cake tastes delicious. (= имеет вкус)
He’s tasting the cake. (= пробовать на вкус)
Look
He looks great in his new suit. (= выглядеть)
He is looking at his new colleague. (= смотреть, разглядывать)
Feel
He feels tired. (= чувствует себя)
This material feels soft. (= мягкий на ощупь)
She is feeling this material. (= трогает)
Have
We have a car. (= у нас есть)
We are having dinner. (= обедаем – устойчивое выражение)
Упражнение 17
Поставьте следующие глаголы в –ing форму
1.do, 2.take, 3.clean, 4.think, 5.run, 6.play, 7.work, 8.type, 9.write, 10.listen, 11.watch, 12.speak, 13.enjoy, 14.read
Упражнение 18
Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы
Пример: John … (listen) to music. – (read a book)
Is John listening to music? – No, he isn’t. He is reading a book.
1. Sally … (play) tennis. – (watch TV). 2. Mary … (have breakfast). – (cook breakfast). 3. Piter … (play) tennis. – (play the piano). 4. Helen … (write) a letter. – (work in the garden). 5. Gary … (wash the car). – (ride a bicycle).
Упражнение 19
Поставьте глаголы в нужную форму Present Simple или Present Continuous
1. This … (be) my friend Tom. He … (study) at university. In summer he … (work) as a barman. Now he … (prepare) to his exam.
2. My sister …(be) very sociable. She … (like) to meet new people.
3. She … (be) talkative. She always … (talk) on the phone!
4. I … (go) to the party this Saturdays. You … (go) there?
5. What you … (do)? – I … (have lunch).
6. What time you usually … (have breakfast)? – I usually … (not have) breakfast.
7. We … (leave) for Thailand next Friday. We … (stay) at a hotel near the ocean for a week.
8. I … (want) to buy a new car, but I … (not know) what to choose.
9. You … (understand) … what he … (say) to you now?
10. Where … (be) they? They … (play football).
Глагол have / have got
(иметь, обладать)
I, you, we, they have (have got)
He, she, it has (has got)
Have = have got, has = has got – только для настоящего времени. Во всех других временах только форма have (has).
I have got two sisters. = I have two sisters.
She has got blond hair. = She has blond hair.
Have (has) got – имеет более неофициальный характер, чаще употребляется в разговорной речи (more informal).
Have (has) – употребляется чаще в официальном, письменном языке (more formal) и Американском английском.
| Have got | Have |
| 1. I have got a lot of money. Have I got much money? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. How much money have you got? 2. He has got a dog. Has he got a dog? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. Who has got a dog? | 1. I have a lot of money. Do I have much money? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. How much money do you have? 2. He has a dog. Does he have a dog? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Who has a dog? |
Выражения с have
Have 1.breakfast
2.a cup of tea
3.a cigarette
4.a break
5.a bath
6.a shower
7.a share
8.a rest
9.a swim
10.a good time
11.a party
12.a holiday
13.a chat
14.a row
15.a bad dream
16.a look at something
17.a word with someone
Упражнение 20
Подберите к данным устойчивым выражениям с have эквиваленты в русском языке.
Упражнение 21
Скажите, что у кого есть
1. Ann: a dog, a computer, a dress, a bag.
2. John: a brother, a lot of friends, a briefcase.
3. Mike and Helen: a son, a house, free time.
4. I and Andrew: a daughter, a flat, a car.
Упражнение 22
Поставьте предложения в Упражнении 1 в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
Упражнение 23
Напишите 10-15 предложений. Скажите, что есть и чего нет у вас.
Numbers (числа)
Numeral (числительное)
Перед десятками (после сотен) говорим and:
783 – seven hundred and eighty-three
408 – four hundred and eight
2 005 – two thousand and five
334 000 – three hundred and thirty-four thousand
15 804 – fifteen thousand, eight hundred and four
118 307 – one hundred and eighteen thousand, three hundred and seven
1 225 373 – a (one) million two hundred and twenty-five thousand, three hundred and seventy-five
1 000 000 000 – a (one) milliard (in UK), a (one) billion (in US)
Decimal Fraction
(десятичная дробь)
0.01 – naught point oh one
32.305 – thirty two point three oh five
Common Fraction
(простая дробь)
Числитель – количественное числительное, знаменатель – порядковое. Если числитель больше 1, то к знаменателю прибавляется –s.
1 ½ - one and a half
2/5 –two fifths
¼ - a (one) quarter; a (one) fourth
¾ km – three quarters of a kilometer
2 ½ tons – two and a half tons = two tons and a half
Проценты
2% - two per cent (2 p. c.) (UK), two percent (US)
3/8% - three eights of one per cent
½% - a half per cent (half of one per cent)
0.2% - naught point two per cent
Saying years (года)
1993 – nineteen ninety-three
1899 – eighteen ninety-nine
1900 – nineteen hundred
1905 – nineteen oh five (nineteen hundred and five)
2001 – two thousand and one
Money
(деньги, денежные суммы)
| Great Britain | USA |
| £ 1 – a (one) pound (sterling) £ 25 – twenty-five pounds 1 s. – one shilling (1/20 фунта) 12 s. – twelve shillings 50 p. – fifty pence (p. - [pi:] (penny) £ 1.99 – one pound ninety-nine | $ 1 – one (a) dollar $ 25 – twenty-five dollars 1 ¢ - one cent (1/100 доллара) 65 ¢ - sixty-five cents $ 25.01 – twenty-five dollars and one cent $ 3350.55 – three thousand three hundred and fifty dollars and fifty-five cents |
Упражнение 24
Напишите следующие числа словами
1).1375 –
2).10000 –
3).0.25 –
4).125300 –
5).1½ -
6).3/5 –
7).589 –
Упражнение 25
Напишите года словами
1).1990 –
2).2005 –
3).1981 –
4).1876 –
5).1245 –
6).1700 –
Упражнение 26
Скажите, что сколько стоит.
Пример: a book
How much does the book cost? It is 3 £.
1.a dress, 2.a car, 3.a bicycle, 4.flowers, 5.a pen, 6.a TV set, 7.a computer.
