| men mane pen pain wet wait sell sail pepper paper pot point spot spoilt John join toss toys olive oil | tack take sat- saint cat Kate fat fate plan plain | hat height fat fight sad side man mine dad died | pin pine film fine myth mine fifth five tip type |
| not no god go hot home stock stone rock robe | love low done dole son snow London lonely front froze | burn bone turn tone learn alone curly cozy work woke |
Read the exercise paying attention to the articulation of the voiced and voiceless consonants.
| fetch chest catch chat latch chart such chuckle | gesture just job jaw join | edge badge large lodge George | Fetch the bag. Catch the dog. Reach the park. Call John. Find Julian. Teach Jane. |
Practise reading the sentences paying attention to the intonation in different question types.
a/ Is this Nicks coat?
Whose coat is this?
This is Nicks coat, isnt it?
Is this Nicks or Marks coat?
b/ Are those Marys gloves?
Whose gloves are those?
Those are Marys gloves, arent they?
Are those Marys gloves or mittens?
c/ Is that Arthurs girlfriend?
Who is that?
That is Arthurs girlfriend, isnt it?
Is this girl or is that girl Arthurs girlfriend?
Put different questions to the sentences below. Practise reading them with proper intonation.
This is Maggies house.
These are Janets children.
That is Georges Volvo.
This is a Chinese vase.
That is Richards letter.
This is orange juice.
Those are Michaels trainers.
That is Mr. Greggsons case.
Listen to the dialogue. Practise reading them with a partner. Make sure you imitate the intonation on the tape correctly.
: Dyou know Polly?
: Polly? What Polly?
: Polly Smith, a model.
: No. Is she a good model?
: Look. This is her port folio. Shes a perfect model.
: Oh yes. These photos are perfect in deed. Lets meet her.
: Its a pity Polly isnt in the city.
: Isnt she?
: Polly is in Italy. Shell be back next Thursday.
Listen to the dialogue, mark the intonation. Practise reading the dialogue with a partner.
: Have you ever met victor Robertson?
: Victor Robertson? Whos he?
: Hes an architect from Scotland.
: Ive never met Victor. Is he a good architect?
: Hes an excellent architect, believe me. Have a look at his blueprints.
: Marvellous! Simply marvellous! Can we meet Victor Robertson?
: Its a pity victor isnt in the city. Hes in Finland now.
: When will he be back?
: Pretty soon I guess. In fact, Ive asked him to come to the conference on Tuesday next week.
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|
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: Excellent. So well seeing Victor on Tuesday.
PHONETIC RULES
1. We must watch for the positional length of the vowel []. It is the longest in the final position, it is shorter before a voiced consonant, it is the shortest before a voiceless consonant.
e.g. [gou] [goul] [gout]
2. we must watch for the aspiration of the voiceless consonants [p, t, k ]. They are most strongly aspirated before stressed vowels esp. long monophthongs and diphthongs; they are less aspirated in the final position and before an unstressed vowel; they lose their aspiration after [s].
e.g. [pi:] [pit] [nip] [spit]
3. We must watch for the lateral plosion in the word / in the phrase ______. The plosion of the consonant [] becomes lateral under the influence of the sonorous consonant [l].
e.g. [ setl], [ faind lu:k]
4. We must watch for the nasal plosion in the word / in the phrase _______. The Plosion of the consonant [] becomes nasal under the influence of the nasal sonorants [n], [m].
e.g. [ kitn], [ lend mi]
5. We must watch for the loss of plosion in the word / in the phrase________. The consonant [] loses its plosion under the influence of the following plosive consonant [].
e.g. [ mi:t tim]
6. We must watch for assimilation in the word/phrase _______. The alveolar consonant [] becomes dental under the influence of the interdental []. The consonant [] becomes rounded under the influence of the following sonorant [w]. The sonorant [] becomes partly devoiced under the influence of the voiceless consonant [].
e.g. [ri:d ðә buk], [swift]
7. We must watch for reduction in the word ________. This word is used in its weak (reduced) form; its strong form is _______. Its a case of qualitative/ quantitative/ zero reduction.
The parts of speech that are normally reduced (form-words) are as follows: articles, particles, prepositions, conjunctions, modal and auxiliary verbs, personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns.
The parts of speech that are never reduced (notional words) are as follows: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, numerals, interrogative pronouns.
e.g. [hi:] [hi ] [hi] [h], [ iznt]
8. We must watch for the absence of the glottal stop in the word _______ where the vowel occurs in the initial position.
e.g. [ i:zi]
9. We must watch for the absence of palatalization of the consonant [..] before the front vowel [].
e.g. [pen], [bi li:v]
10. We must watch for the linking [r] in the phrase ________.
e.g. [nevәr ә gein]
