1
2005
CONTENTS
Section 1: Introductory Course ..... 4
Lesson 1.....7
Lesson 2...11
Lesson 3...19
Phonetic Rules.25
Intonation Exercises....28
Section 2: Sound Revision..32
Section 3: Basic Course......46
Principles of Classification of Consonants..46
Principles of Classification of Vowels50
Reduction 53
Linking.61
Assimilation.66
Section 4: Phonetic Word Structure ......69
Syllable Formation. Syllable Division.69
Word Stress..72
Rhythm in Words.80
Section 5: Intonation...85
Section 6: Texts for Reading Practice.....93
SECTION 1:
1. (Articulation) .
2. (Palatalization) . , , .
3. (Aspiration) , [p],[t],[k]. , , . [s].
4. (Positional Length of Vowels) . , , . .
5. (Glottal Stop) . : easy, go out.
6. (Word Stress) . .
7. (Nasal Plosion) [n], [m] , , . , : happen, help me.
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8. (Lateral Plosion) [l] , , . , : cattle, read louder.
9. (Loss of Plosion) , : that child, big cup. , : object, good girl.
10. (Reduction) . (quantitative) , , (qualitative) , .
11. (Assimilation ) . , , , , , .
12. (Intonation) , , , .
13. (Sense-group) , .
14. (Speech Melody) ( ).
15. (Sentence Stress) . , , .
16. (Logical Stress) , . .
17. (Emphatic Stress) , .
18. (Emphasis) .
19. (Tempo) , .
20. (Voice Quality ) , .
21. (Rhythm) .
22. (Nuclear/Terminal Tone) . , , (Nucleus) , .
23. (Low Fall) - , , , .
24. (Low Rise) , , , .
25. (Scale/Head) , . .
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26. .
(General/Yes-No Questions) .
(Wh -Questions) .
(Disjunctive/Tag Questions) , , .
(Alternative Questions) , , .
LESSON 1: [t], [d], [p], [b], [k], [g], [s], [z], [f], [v], [v], [n],
[i], [e], [ә]
:
1. [t], [d] - . , , . . [t] [] : [th].
[d] [t]. [] [d] .
[], [] , (- ).
2. [p], [b] - . , , o . [] [p] : [ph]. [p] , . [b] .
3. [k], [g] . [k], [g], [[, [] , . [k] : [kh].
[g] [k]. [] [g] .
4. [s], [z] - . . [s] []. [z] [s]. [] [z] . [], [] - .
5. [f], [v] - . [], []. [f] , , [v] [f]. [v] .
6. [m] - . [m] , , , , . [] e [m].
7. [n] - . , [t], [d], , .
[] - .
8. [I] , . [i] , , , [], , .
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[], , .
[] , .
9. [e] , . [e] , , , . [] [e] . [] , .
10. [ә] , . . [ә] . [], [] [].
Phonetic Exercise 1
did dig kid sin | sit knit sick kiss | city Kitty ticket giddy | it is in | sit Sid Dick dig tick tig |
Phonetic Exercise 2
ten pen men | get pet net | end egg ate | debt dead bet bed set said | sit set bit bet big beg did dead | busy Benny pity Betty Minnie many | gets pets beds kids |
Phonetic Exercise 3
fin fist stiff gift | deaf definite indefinite significant | vent vend vest vex | give ever never invent | bevy Kevin seven given |
Additional Exercises
1. Read the exercise, paying attention to the degree of aspiration of the voiceless consonants [p], [t], [k].
tin knit kin Nick pit - tip | ten net Ted debt pen - neck | pity Becky epic | spit sticky skinny |
Practice reading the sentences, paying attention to the intonation.
Tim is sick. Bess is ten. Eddy is busy. | Tim isnt sick Bess isnt ten. Eddy isnt busy. | Is Tim sick? Is Bess ten? Is Eddy busy? |