2.
. 1927 () , .
1.4 -
. 1.4. , , . , :
, . :
, :
U1 U :
, :
" 1 +/- " .
"+" (), . , >> 1 , :
.. . .
" " (). , . , . , , , .
. . 1.5 , .
1.5 -
(. 1.6), .
1.6
(. 1.7), U . , .1.8, .
, , -. -, - -
|
|
1.7 -
1. 8 -
, . 1.4, . . ( ) . .
3
1. () , , . L.
().
1 , : 10-6 () 10-3 ().
, ( - ) , .
, (). (), () , . () , . , - , , , . . . , ( ). , . - . , .
, , .
. ?;) , . . , .
, . .. U= K*U . , , . 1000000. . , , , , , ;) .
|
|
. , .
, . .. . , . .. , . , .
:
Uout=(U2-U1)*K
, , . .
, . :
. . . , AVR . .
, , .
, .
.
? , .
Uout = (0 U1)* = *U1
Uout = (-K*U1 U1)*K1
, , . . .
+/- 15 :
U1 -15
U1 +15
? . . , , . , , .
. .. . , :
, +10 . 15 . , . -1.4 , -1.4 . -1.4, +15 +1.4 .
, U1 2.8 , +1.4.
, 1.4 -1.4 . R1 R2. Uout/(R1+R2) * R1 1 100 +/-0.14 .
.
, :
. , , .
. .
|
|
. .. U1, Uout = U1. , Uout= U1.
? !
, . , :
, . . , , . , , ? ! . , ( , ), .
, . . , .
:
. . ? , .
U1 . Uout/2 = U1 Uout = 2*U1.
. :
Uout = U1*(1+R1/R2)
:
, 1. ?
. , .
, R2, R1 Uout. . , . .. . , 1 .
. , Uout=0. . , , 10 Uout. R1 R2 . , 1 .
, 1 . (-10) . 20 , 0 1. .
, !
, :
Uout = Uin * R1/R2
.
, . . :
|
|
U2 U1 10 . 2 5 . , 1 5 . . , 10 10 . :)
U1 20 , -10 .
U1 Uout 30 . R4 (U1-Uout)/(R3+R4) = 30/20000 = 0.0015, R4 R4*I4 = 10000*0.0015 = 15 . 15 20 5 .
, 10 20, -10 .
, , . , , . , , :
Uout = U2*K2 U1*K1
K2 = ((R3+R4) * R6) / (R6+R5)*R4
K1 = R3/R4
:
. . , .
(R4 R5) . (R3 R6) .
Uout = R3/R4 (U2 U1).
, , . , , , .
,
. .. 1 0, , U/R, 1 . .
, .
Uout = -1(R3*U1/R1 + R3*U2/R2)
(R1, R2) , . , , , 1. Uout = -1(U1+U2)
, .
Uout = U1*K1 + U2*K2
K1 = R5/R1
K2 = R5/R2
, R3/R4 = K1+K2
, , , , , . . . . . :)
4.