, . , GSM , :
. .
, . , MS, . MS , MS.
MS. GSM, MS. , MS, , .
. , MS MS (IMSI) , , . () , , " " - (TMSI), (LA). TMSI. (, ), (IMSI). TMSI . TMSI . , TMSI (LAI), TMSI .
AUC EIR. , MSC/VLR
AUC
AUC , MSC/VLR , MS.
, AUC, :
1. Random Number (RAND);
2. - Signed Response (SRES);
3. Ciphering Key ().
( ) (Ki). AUC IMSI. . SIM. AUC :
|
|
1. RAND;
2. RAND Ki SRES Kc A3 A8 .
3. RAND, SRES K HLR .
RAND - ;
SRES - ;
- ;
Ki -
IMSI -
. 5.5 AUC
- MSC/VLR RAND MS.
- MS, REND, SRES, A3 - Ki.
- MS, Ki., Kc RAND, A8. Kc MS .
- SRES MSC/VLR, , , SRES, MS, SRES, AUC. MS , .
. 5.6
. . :
- ;
-
-
- .
, , BS MS, .
TDMA, 5. , , , ..
. ().
. 5.7
1. M Kc MSC/VLR BTS.
2. M MS.
3. ̻ , ( , SRES ) TDMA, 5.
4. BS.
5. ̻ BS , TDMA 5.
6. ̻ , MSC. , , ̻.
5.2 GSM.
5.2 - GSM.
( SIM) | 5 | |
(SIM) | A3; 8; IMSI; Ki; TMSI/LAI; Kc | |
(AUC) | A3; 8; IMSI/Ki | |
(HLR) | IMSI/RAND/SRES/Kc | |
(VLR) | IMSI/RAND/SRES/Kc, IMSI/TMSI/LAI/Kc/CKSN | |
(MSC) | 5, TMSI/IMSI/Kc | |
(BSC) | 5, TMSI/IMSI/Kc |
EIR
|
|
MS IMEI. :
TAC Type Approval Code. .
FAC Final Assembly Code. , .
SNR Serial Number. . TAC FAC
spare . . MS, 0.
IMEI
1. MSC/VLR IMEI MS.
2. MS IMEI MSC.
3. MSC/VLR IMEI EIR.
4. IMEI, EIR :
. ,
. IMEI, GSM.
. ( ) IMEI , .
5. IMEI MSC/VLR, , .
. 5.8
DTI
DTI GSM (Inter-Working Function - IWF). , , GSM . :
/ PSTN. . DTI .
/ ISDN. ISDN , MSC/DTI ISDN GSM .
/ PDN. DTI , (PDN - Public Data Networks), , , (Packet Switched PDN - PSPDN).
. PLMN DTI , .
HSCSD. (HSCSD) (2, 3, 4) (1 TS - 9.6 /).