.
: L n- . L , l, :
A .
l ( ) , .
: , ,, = , l1, l2, ,ln :
, - .
, .
. , . :
;
.
l, .
.. , 1 2 . .. , , , . , .
.
, (1, 2) l, l - , 1 2 l.
, , .
, - , l.
, . , , .
.. l1 l2, . (.. ). .
l1 = l2 = l, , , : . 1 2. , .
. = .
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:
:
l2 - 8l + 7 = 0;
: l1 = 7; l2 = 1;
l1 = 7:
: x1 2x2 = 0. : (t; 0,5t) t - .
l2 = 1:
: x1 + x2 = 0. : (t; -t) t - .
:
. = .
:
:
l2 - 4l + 4 = 0;
: l1 = l2 = 2;
:
: x1 x2 = 0. : (t; t) t - .
: .
. - , , 1, 2, 3 ,
,
l - ( ) .
:
,
:
, l. , .
.
. , = .
:
(1 - l)((5 - l)(1 - l) - 1) - (1 - l - 3) + 3(1 - 15 + 3l) = 0
(1 - l)(5 - 5l - l + l2 - 1) + 2 + l - 42 + 9l = 0
(1 - l)(4 - 6l + l2) + 10l - 40 = 0
4 - 6l + l2 - 4l + 6l2 - l3 + 10l - 40 = 0
-l3 + 7l2 36 = 0
-l3 + 9l2 - 2l2 36 = 0
-l2(l + 2) + 9(l2 4) = 0
(l + 2)(-l2 + 9l - 18) = 0
: l1 = -2; l2 = 3; l3 = 6;
1) l1 = -2:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = 0; x3 = -1;
:
2) l2 = 3:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = -1; x3 = 1;
:
3) l3 = 6:
1 = 1, Þ 2 = 2; x3 = 1;
:
. , = .
:
-(3 + l)((1 - l)(2 - l) 2) + 2(4 - 2l - 2) - 4(2 - 1 + l) = 0
-(3 + l)(2 - l - 2l + l2 - 2) + 2(2 - 2l) - 4(1 + l) = 0
-(3 + l)(l2 - 3l) + 4 - 4l - 4 - 4l = 0
-3l2 + 9l - l3 + 3l2 - 8l = 0
-l3 + l = 0
l1 = 0; l2 = 1; l3 = -1;
l1 = 0:
3 = 1, 1 = 0, 2 = -2
×t, t .
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l2 l3.
.
: 1 2
(1, 2) = 11 ,
, 1 2.
: 1, 2 3
1, 2 3.
. = . .
. 1, 2.
(1, 2) = 11 , 1 2.