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1971 . Intel () - 4004. , Intel Intel-.
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- CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) ;
- RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) ;
- MISC (Minimum Instruction Set Computing) ( ).
CISC
IBM PC (International Business Machine) CISC, . 4.5.
4.5. CISC
, | , | , | |||||
4,77 | 4*103 | ||||||
4,77 | 64*103 | ||||||
4,77 8 | 106" | ||||||
8, 16 | 4,77 8 | 106 | |||||
8 10 | 106 | ||||||
10-33 | 4*106 ( 109) | ||||||
25-50 | 16*106 ( 4*109) | ||||||
33-100 | 16*106 ( 4*109) | 1,2106 | |||||
Pentium | 50-150 | 4*109 | 3,1*106 | ||||
Pentium Pro | 66-200 | 4*109 | 5,5*106 |
: 1. 80386, 80486 SX, DX, SL . (80486SX, 80486DX), , , , , , :
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SX SL , , ;
SL SLE - , (Lap Top, Note Book).
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80486 DX . , DX2 2 , DX4 - 3 . , , , .
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80586 ( 5) Pentium, Intel ( 80586 : 5 AMD, M 1 Cyrix .).
, , - , ; RISC , . Pentium 32- 64- . 1 /.
Pentium -, , ; , , .
Pentium Pro. 1995 . 80686 (6), Pentium Pro. (dynamic execution), 14- (superpipelining), (branch prediction) (speculative execution).
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. , , . (), . Pentium Pro 90 % 80 % Pentium.
- 256 - 512 - Pentium. - (16 ), . , , 2 -3 , . Pentium Pro - 256-512 .
OverDrive. OverDrive, , 80486 , Pentium. OverDrive, Pentium.
RISC
RISC , . . 1 ( CISC 4 ).
RISC: - ARM ( IBM PC RT) - 32- , 118 . RISC (80860, 80960, 80870, Power PC) 64- 150 . ./. Power PC (Performance Optimized With Enhanced RISC PC) - Macintosh.
RISC , CISC-: , IBM PC, (, ) CISC , .
, 0,5 ( 80486 Pentium-66 0,8- ).
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