Lecture
1. Criteria of division of the vocabulary into lexical grammatical classes. Parts of speech. Particles of speech.
3. The English verb. The categories of tense, taxes and aspect in English and Russian. The category of negation.
4. The English pronoun.
5. English grammatical morphology and the lexical-phraseological aspect of the language.
Seminar
Topics for Presentations
1. Morphological categories of the English verb.
2. Morphological categories of the English noun.
Test Questions
1. What are the criteria of parts-of-speech classification?
2. Lexical-grammatical classes of words and grammatical morphological categories.
3. Why are some parts of speech called morphologically under-determined whereas others over-determined? Give examples.
4. Why should learners of English be aware of the difference between grammatical categorial system of their native language and that of English?
5. What morphological categories determine the pronoun as a lexical-grammatical class of words?
6. In what way is the category of aspect in English different from the same category in Russian?
Written tasks.
1. Read an extract from O. Wilds The Picture of Dorian Grey and comment on the grammatical status of - ing forms in the text.
He rubbed his eyes, and came close to the picture, and examined it again. There were no signs of any change when he looked into the actual painting, and yet there was no doubt that the whole expression had altered. It was not a mere fancy of his own. The thing was horribly apparent.
He threw himself into a chair, and began to think. Suddenly there flashed across his mind what he had said in Basil Hallwards studio the day the picture had been finished. Yes, he remembered it perfectly. He had uttered a mad wish that he himself might remain young, and the portrait grow old; that his own beauty might be untarnished, and the face on the canvas bear the burden of his passions and sins; that the painted image might be seared with the lines of suffering and thought, and that he might keep all the delicate bloom and loveliness of his then just conscious boyhood. Surely his wish had not been fulfilled? Such things were impossible. And,yet, there was the picture before him, with the touch of cruelty in the mouth.
Cruelty! Had he been cruel? It was the girls fault, not his. He had dreamed of her as a great artist, had given his love to her because he had thought her great. Then she had disappointed him. She had been shallow and unworthy. And yet, a feeling of infinite regret came over him, as he thought of her lying at his feet sobbing like a little child. He remembered with what callousness he had watched her. Why had he been made like that?
3. Explain the use of Tense forms in the following extract nd its Russian translation:
a) Suddenly there flashed across his mind what he had said in Basil Hallwards studio the day the picture had been finished
b) , , .
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Comment on the expression of categories of Tense, Aspect and Taxis in English and Russian. Use examples of your own.
Recommended literature.
1. Akhmanova, O.S. Phonology, morphonology, morphology, Paris,1971.
2. Akhmanova,O.S., Delieva L.K., Approaches to contrastive linguistics, Moscow, 1972.
3. Akhmanova, O.S., Melencuk D.A. The principles of linguistic confrontation. Moscow, 1977.
MINOR SYNTAX
Lecture
1. Syntax and syntagmatics. The object syntagmatics. Nominative units and communicative units. Word and its functional equivalents of in speech.
2. Word-combination as the dialectical unity of collocation and colligation. The concept of freedom of word-combinations. Intralinquistic and extralinguistic restrictions.
3. Methods of investigation of word-combinations. Structural and categorial approaches. Prosodic analysis.
4. Stylistic differentiation of syntactic units. Semantic and metasemiotic functioning of word-combinations.
Seminar
Topics for Presentations
1. Syntax and syntagmatics.
2. Triple dependence of word, phraseological unit and word-combination.
3. Lexical and syntactic syntagms.
4. EFL learning in terms of the theory of syntagmatics.
Test Questions
1. What is syntagmatics?
2. What is the difference between monolexemic words, phraseological units and word-combinations?
3. What is the difference between the structural and distributional rules approaches to the study of word-combinations?
4. What does the categorial approach imply?
5. Why is the prosodic analysis of word-combinations so important?
6. Why is combining words in a living language knowledge for all people and an art for some?
Written Tasks
1. Comment on the following examples in terms of the opposition of syntax and syntagmatics:
Delightful, joyousness, unkindly, tight-fitting, home-made, working encyclopedia, white smile, burglar-alarm, readership, undercooked, two-faced, uninterested, top-secret, fag-end, cloudless, cupboard love, science fiction, curry favour, time-consuming, package holiday, windscreen-wiper, dreadful, acceptance, Harvard University Business School, laughing sky.
