, , . .
70 -100 2 5 . . 40 50 5 7 %. , . .
: .
, . , , . .; 5 15 . . .
,
, ......................................................................... 12 27 40
, :
..................................................................... 2 2 2
.......................................... 3.3 3.6 5.1
1.4 4.5 , 40 %. 2.5 5 , . 60 % . 0.8 1.8 , 1.2 5 .
. 0.4 0.8 1 1.5 , - .
90 ; () 1 - 2 . , 10 13 %. 3.5 7 .
|
|
- . 50 70 . 2 3 , 4 7 . .
() , .
L`. = Q /W, (27.15) Q , 3/; W 3/;
W = V / b, (27.16) V , 3; - ; b , .
L`` = N t./T, (27.17) (27.17) N , ; , , ( = 20 30 );
t. , (t. = 1 2 ); , .
, (27.15) (27.17) .
N = W/ (n Q), (27.18) W , , 3/; n , .
L. =k N L., (27.19) k (k = 1 4)
50 80 .
200 250 .
, , .
, . , , .
. (. . 27.8).
. 30 40 . . , , 100 150 . - . , , . 0.5 0.7.
|
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, .
. = Z + + ., (27.20) Z , (Z = 3 25 4 30 ); , ; . , [. = (3 4) R]; R , .
60 80 .
10 15 . 3/. 350 500 3/.
: , , , , .