, () ; .
(. 15.1). , , . , , (. 15.1, ); . . 4060 / 2030 / .
- (710 /) ( 400500 ), .
15.1 () () :
1 ; 2 (); 3 ; 4 .
2.
, . () t. t= 0.20.3 , t= 0.10.15 . t.
. . ( 412 818%). . (1.151.2) , 2427% .
- . 1012% ( 2030%), 3050%; . - .
. . , 7585% . , (. 15.2, . . 15.1). , . - - . 2030%, . α. α 6--8 - 10--12 . 56 (8--10).
|
|
15.2 :
1, 2, 3 , .
() () , Z, (c. . 15.2).
,
= + + + Z. (15.1)
= n(b +b), (15.2) n ( n = 24); b , ( b); b t , (b = 0.51.5 ).
, (0.51.5 ) . . ( ) , : = = . Z = 2h ctgα, h , α . h = 23 Z = 57 .
50 . -. . = t = nt, n ; t- .
( 7080%) . , , , .
15.1. 15 / 1012%. R (2.53) R, R . 2 , 15.1. , , .
15.1
: |
%,
. 0.20.3 23 . ( 1020%) , .
|
|
W, . , , .
()
W1 = Gc (), (15.3) Gc , ; - , / ( = 11.5); - , /; = gi (i - %).
()
W2 = KF b t 103, (15.4) F , ; b t , ( b = b ).
() W W4 :
W3 + W4 10-3 (1 +f) b h g, (15.5) f- ( 15.2); h , ( h = 1.21.9 ); - , /3.
15.2 f
, | 0.8 1.2 -- -- | 0.35 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.65 |
- 2025% , 6075%.
():
W = W1 + W2 + W3 + W4 = b t 103 . (15.6) , .