| trunk | [trʌŋk] | |
| limb (extremity) | [ lim][ik΄streməti] | |
| to be composed of | [kəm΄pəuzd] | |
| skull | [skʌl] | |
| cranial | [΄kreiniəl] | |
| facial | [fei∫l] | |
| spinal column | [΄spainəl΄kɔləm] | |
| chest (thorax) | [ʧest] [θɔ:ræks)] | |
| breastbone | [΄brestbəun] | |
| thoracic | [θɔ: ΄ræsik] | |
| vertebra (vertebrae) | [΄və:təbrə] [΄və:təbrei] | () |
| coccyx | [΄kɔksiks] | |
| supply | [sə΄plai] | |
| framework | [΄freimwə:k] | |
| to contain | [kən΄tein] | |
| abdomen | [΄ æbdəmən] | |
| gullet (esophagus) | [gʌ΄lit] [i΄sɔfəgəs] | |
| spleen | [spli:n] | |
| gallbladder | [΄gɔ:lblædə] | |
| bladder | [blædə] | |
| thumb | [θʌm] | |
| hip (thigh) | [hip] [θai ] | |
| joint | ||
| cartilage | ||
| ligament | ||
| forehead | [΄fɔ: rid] | |
| chin | [ t∫in] | |
| external | [iks΄tə:nə] | |
| tongue | [tʌŋ] | |
| palate | [΄pæ lit] | |
| to connect | [kə΄nekt] | |
| neck | [nek] |
Task 2. Find the following words and word- combinations in the text, reproduce the context they are used in and translate it into Russian.
1. the structure of the human body
2. chief parts of the body
3. the skeleton is composed of
4. firm but flexible support
5. the spinal column and the chest
6. the principal organs
7. 32 or 34 vertebrae
8. is connected with the chest by
9. the parts of the lower extremity are
10. are connected by the cartilages and ligaments
11. each muscle has supply
12. main systems of the body
13. are based on metabolism
14. the coordinated changes
15. is accompanied by
Task 3.Answer the questions.
1. What are the chief parts of the human body?
2. What is the skeleton composed of?
3. What parts of the skull do you know?
4. What bones form the trunk?
5. What organs does the upper cavity contain?
6. What are the principal organs of the lower cavity?
7. How many vertebrae are there in the spine?
8. How is the upper extremity connected with the chest?
9. What are the pats of the upper and the lower extremities?
10. What is the function of the cartilages and ligaments?
11. What is the skeleton covered with?
12. What are the main systems of the human body?
13. How can the regulation between the systems be demonstrated?
Task 4. Match the English sentences to their Russian equivalents.
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| 1. Human body is a very complex system consisting of three chief parts | a. 32-34 . |
| 2. The base of the body is the skeleton | b. |
| 3. The skull contains 26 cranial and facial bones. | c. -. |
| 4. The head is connected with the trunk by the neck. | d. . |
| 5. The skeleton of the trunk consists of the spinal column and the chest. | e. . |
| 6. The trunk is divided into two cavities. | f. . |
| 7. The spine of an adult consists of 32 or 34vertebrae. | g. , , . |
| 8. The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder | h. 400 . |
| 9. The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints. | i. . |
| 10. The skeleton is covered with more than 400 muscles. | j. . |
| 11. There are several main systems of the body. | k. 26 . |
| 12. The vital activities of the cells, tissues, organs and the whole organism are based on metabolism. | l. - , 3 . |
| 13. The regulation between various systems of organs can be demonstrated by the coordinated changes in their activities. | m. () . |
