I ( ). , - . ( )
) 1. Cr(OH)3 , Men+, , - OH- . Cr(OH)3 1-2 CrCl3, Cr3+ NaOH (=10%) Cr(OH)3 .
) 1. CrCl3 + NaOH ..; Cr3+ + 3OH- .. ¯ ) 2. - ( - - ; - - ; - , , )
, Cr(OH)3, NaOH (=30%), , Cr(OH)3, HCl (=10%). ( ). .
Cr(OH)3 + Na(OH) ..; Cr(OH)3 + OH- .. ) 2.
Cr(OH)3 + HCl ..; Cr(OH)3 + H+ ..
) 1. Ni(OH)2 NiSO4
2. - ( Ni(OH)2 c - H2SO4). . .
OH- ..
) 1. NiSO4 + NaOH ..; Ni+2 + 2OH- Ni(OH)2¯; ) 2. Ni(OH)2 +
H+ ..
. ( , ?)
II. -
- ) ), - :
) (NO2-) (Cr2O72-) (H+).
0.5 2Cr2O7 1-2 H2SO4, 1-2 NO2, .
:
K2Cr2O7 + NO2+ H2SO4 NO3 + r2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 +...
Cr3+ - , NO3- - .
) .
1-2 HNO3.
Cu + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + NO2+
Cu2+ , NO2
III.
|
|
|
, (, ) (, ) , () . - .
3 NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O
- 7 NaOH (V =7 ), , 2-3 () HCl (C = 0.1 /) . (Vi) . .
III
| V, 10-3 | C, / | Vi, 10-3 | V, 10-3 | C, / | ω | |
| 0,1 | V1 = | V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3 | C = V × C /V | ω = C ∙ ∙ 10-3 | ||
| 0,1 | V2 = | |||||
| 0,1 | V3 = |
- V - , 7
V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3
- C,, V×C = V×C, (NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O)
C = V × C / V [ / ],
- ω ( ), r 1 /3
ω = C ∙ / V ∙ r = C ∙ ∙ 10-3,
C [ / ]; [ / ], V ([ 1000 3 ]) - 1 , r - NaOH [ /3 ]
( ), , , V , C ω.
. ( ?)
