8- / , , DIP16 DIP20 . 8- , - ( AZ 08 Motorola). , /, :
1) - : , , ; RS-232C RS-485;
USB;
2) -, ;
SPI, I2C, ;
3) ; PC, RS-232C,
RS-485 ; CAN.
-, : ( ), ( ) ( ). , , (PC, RS-232C, RS-485, CAN) (SPI, ). , . ( ) , , , , , , .
8- :
USI (Universal Serial Interface); AVR Atmel; RS-232, RS-422 RS-485, SPI I2C;
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter); RS-232, RS-422 RS-485;
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SCI (Serial Communication Interface); Motorola; 8- 05, 11 08; UART, . . RS-232, RS-422 RS-485;
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface); SPI; SPI Motorola, SPI 05, 11 08. SPI ;
PC (Inter Integrated Circuit); 8- Pfilips Microchip; , Microchip SPI PC;
CAN (Control Aria Network); 8- 08 Motorola, 500 Infineon, 89 Pfilips; CAN ;
USB (Universal Serial Bus); USB.
- I2C CAN - . USB. CAN USB , . I2C , , ( 8952 Philips). PC, PIC16 Microchip SPI: .
, - . , SCI 08 , 05. , . , . . , , . . , , , . . . , , . . , ( ), . .
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, 8- , - - UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter).
UART - . UART . USART (Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter) - / . , .
UART . , Motorola , , UART, SCI (Serial Communication Interface). , SCI , Motorola : SCI RS-232C, RS-422A, RS-485 SPI.
UART ( 10 11 ) ( ). UART . 4.19.
: (Transmitter) (Receiver), . . , TDBUF, - RDBUF.
TDBUF.
( 1), TDBUF , DO, TxD . TI, , . TI , . TI .
( RE 1), , RxD , . , RDBUF. 1 RI. RI , , . RDBUF . RDBUF , RxD. , RDBUF . , UART . SCI Motorola OR (Overrun). RI . Intel MSC-51 : RDBUF.
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UART RxD . , , : . SCI : , NF (Noise Error). UART MK Intel MSC-51 .
UART . . UART . Intel MSC-51 , . . , SCI Motorola . , , , , , . , .
UART , . 4.20 10- : 8 , DO,
() () . RxD , , . . , D6 - DO, D7 . D7 ( ) ( ) , . , . . (), .
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, UART 8- . . 10- .
11- . 4.21: 9 . 9- 08 8 , 07 - DO TDBUF. 9- D7 - DO RDBUF, D8 R8 . . UART (Wake-up).
. 4.22 . , - . , . . , 11- . , . D8 1.
.
. 4.22.
D8 0. 11 . TDBUF | ( ), Break. SCI SBK (Send Break) . .
.
, RDBUF 1 RI , D8 1. D8 = 0 .
. - D7 - DO , D8 1.
9- , , D8 1, UART . . . , . . ,
. , UART . , D8.
, D8 = 0. . Break.
Break UART . .
, UART . , -51 , TxD, RxD (. 4.2.7). , UART MSC-51 , . . . SCI 6870516 ( UART) , : .
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Motorola SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). SPI Motorola. . , - , . .
. 4.23. SPI
, , , - , FLASH EEPROM, . . SPI .
. 4.23 SPI. , . . SPI- (MISO, MOSI, SCK) (SS1, SS2), :
MOSI - (Master Output Slave Input); MISO - (Master Input Slave Output);
SCK- ;
SS1 SS2- .
. 4.23, SPI - -. , - . (. 4.24) , . SSi . MOSI , SCK , . , , SSi, MOSI. , MISO . , SPI . SSi.
SPI- SPI : MOSI, MISO, SCK, SS. SPI Motorola , . fBUS: /gus/2, fgus. 05 1 /, - 2 /. 08 4 8 /.
MOSI , MISO - . . SCK , SPI , , - . SCK . MOSI MISO. SPI . SPI. MISO , .
SS SPI , . SS SCK MISO . SS , MOSI SCK , MISO - . SS . , .
SPI SCK. .
SPI SPI:
1) ;
2} CPOL SCK.
CPHA:CPOL SPI. CPHA:CPOL = 00 0, CPHA:CPOL =11 3. SPI SPI , SPI, . 0 3.
. 4.25 = 0. SCK , .
0, - 1. , , MISO MOSI . SS . SS , , . SPI , , .
SS SS = 0. SCK SPI. MOSI SCK. MISO SS = 0. SCK MISO . SS = 1 .
SS 0
= 1 (. 4.26) SCK SS SS = 0. SCK . . SS = 0 . SPI.
. . SCK , , . SPI . 4.3.9.
I2C , Philips Corporation.
PC :
;
( );
;
;
, .
I2C :
1)SDA - ;
2)SCL - .
PC- . 4.27.
I 2C . , , . . R/W, , . R/W = 0 . R/W = 1 . I2C . - 7- R/W (. 4.28). 10- .
I 2C .
1. . ,-
, . . .
2. .
( ) . .
.
, .
.
, : SCL SDA .
() START STOP, . START SDA SCL, STOP - SDA SCL (. 4.29). START STOP SDA SCL.
12, 12- , .
1. . SDA
, SCL . (7 ) R/W = 0. ,
W. ,
W. 8 .
ASK. START STOP ()
,
.
2. . (7 ) R/W = 1.
, R. , R. SDA ()
(), SCL . 8 . ,
() , ASK. START STOP .
3. . SDA SCL .
, , ASK, . START STOP .
.
4. .
, .
,
. SDA
() , SCL .
ASK.
START STOP .
PC- . , . , , , . . , PC
1980- Bosch , CAN (Controller Area Network - ) (broadcast) . , - CAN-. , 2.0/ Bosch ISO 11898, ( ) 7- ISO/OSI. , , .
CAN- . 4.30. , CAN, , CAN : . (ID), , , . .
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18- ) 536 . , , . 4.31.
RTR (Remote Transmission Request - ) . SRR (Substitute Remote Request) ( ) 11- RTR. IDE (ID Extension) - . r0 r1 - .
(Control Field) 4- , (0-8 ) - DLC - Data Lenght Code. CRC Field (15 ) -. (Acknowledgement) . , , .
SOF (Start of Frame), , EOF (End of Frame) 3- .
, , , - . () .
Remote Frame, . - RTR. .
Error Frame. ( CAN ), .
( ) - , , () . . ( ) 6 12 . (. ) - .
( ) Overload Frame. .
( ), . Ȼ, , λ - , 1 - , . , , , . , . . 4.68 .
CSMA/CD+AMP (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection and Arbitration on Message Priority) - , . , . CAN-, , , .
, CAN , ( CAN - . .) ( , Error Active) . , , .
4.2. MCS-51 INTEL
8051
. 4.32 8051 Intel, MCS-51 ( 181651). :
CPU MCS-51; ;
4096
(4 );
128 ;
8- /; _
16- ;
;
/
.
8- .
MCS-51 : () () . , , . 64 . 8051 4 128 . MCS-51 , .. . , , .
8051 . 4.33. ( 1). , 0000h...0FFFh, - 00h no 7Fh. . 80h...0FFh. 8051 , . 1000h-0FFFFh, . . . ( 0), - 0000h no 0FFFFh, , () .
8051 : , 00h... 7Fh, , , , 0000h 0FFFFh. He . .
MCS-51 , . (. 4.34).
.
1. 32 , 8 RO - R7. 00h - 1Fh,
RO - R7. , , . , 8 R0 - R7, RS1:RS0 PSW.
2. 20h - 2Fh . 00h 7Fh. , , 20h - 2Fh, ,
3. 30h - 7Fh , .
80h - OFFh : / 0, 1, 2, , . , : , , PSW, DPH- DPL- DPTR, SP. , , PSW . 80h no OFFh. , . . 4.34 , 80h - 0FFh , . MCS-51, 8051 . 8051 . 4.4.
4.4