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4
, 4, (. ):
1. CAN, MAY, MUST, NEED, TO HAVE TO, TO BE TO, SHOULD
2. : - : Past Simple & Past Continuous .
1
GRAMMAR
1) Use the appropriate modal verb (can, may, must, need, to have to, to be to):
a)
1. Im sure, he ()..(to) speak French fluently when he takes this training course.
2. This guide-book ( ) in any shop.
3. Unfortunately, I ( ) do it without your help.
4. You ().take pictures here. There is a sign on the wall.
5. At the exam students (/ ) to use the textbooks.
6. You ()keep medicines where children cant get them.
7. Its a very dangerous affair. You ( )..take risks.
B)
1. I...................... to wear glasses as my eyesight is very weak.
2. Johnny White . to borrow from Luke Flint at a high interest, for there was no one else in the district who lent money.
3. "Cheating is a very nasty thing,"' said the teacher, "and we .. to get rid of it.
4. .... take your book? I am afraid not: I need it.
5. He .. not speak English yet.
6. I have very little time: I .... go.
7. They .. not go to the park today because they are busy.
8. You .... read this text: it is easy enough.
C) Give a piece of advice using the modal verb should.
E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. The boy is a little pale, (to play out-of-doors) ...
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2. I am afraid you will miss that train, (to take a taxi). ....
2) Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive, negative or question). Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. I (to see).. Mike when he (to cross) the street.
2. He (to finish) repairing1 his bicycle in the evening yesterday,
3. Kate (not to go).. for a walk yesterday. She (to write) a composition the whole day yesterday.
4. We (to be) in a hurry because only twenty minutes (to be) left before the beginning of the performance.
5. I (to play).. the violin when my friend (to come). in. He (to invite).. me to the theatre and I (to accept).. the invitation with pleasure.
6. He (to ring).. up his friend and (to ask) him about the homework,
7. When I (to come) to the theatre, my friend already (to wait).. for me.
8. Last Sunday we (to go). skiing in the country. There (to be) already a lot of snow in the fields and we (to enjoy) ..ourselves. We (to ski) for two hours and a half.
9. The sun (to go) down behind the hills when I (to reach) a village which (to be).. only a few miles from the sea. The working day (to be). over, and the villagers (to come) home from the fields. Along the road two boys (to drive).. cows and sheep in the direction of the village. I (to approach).. a group of people standing near the road and (to ask) them if I could find a place in the village to spend the night.
3) Write sentences about yourself. What did you do yesterday or what happened yesterday? Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2
GRAMMAR
1) Use the appropriate modal verb (can, may, must, need, to have to, to be to):
a)
1. You ( )...believe everything you read in the newspapers.
2. I ( ).find my wallet.
3. ()..I smoke here? No, you ()
4. It is so dark. I ( )..find the exit.
5. You ().to be more kind to people.
6. He ( )...to take the exams because he has an excellent school-leaving certificate.
7. ()I speak to the manager
B)
1. The agreement was that if Johnny White could not repay the money he had borrowed, then Luke Flint ... to have the right to sell the land.
2. If I don't ring up before six o'clock, then you................. to go to the concert hall alone and wait for me at the entrance. Is that clear?
3. The planters . to gather their cotton at once, as they had been warned that heavy rains were expected.
4. What......................... we see on this map?
5. .... you speak Spanish? No, unfortunately I...
6. At what time .... you come to school?
7. ... I come in?
8. You .... not smoke here.
C) Give a piece of advice using the modal verb should
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E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. There is no one in. (to try the room next door)..
2. I have a slight irritation in my throat, (to smoke less) ..
2) Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive, negative or question). Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. You (to have) supper at nine o'clock yesterday?
2. Rick (to sleep).. at eleven o'clock yesterday.
3. When we (to play).. in the yard yesterday, it suddenly (to start) raining heavily
4. When I (to open). the door, my friends (to sit) around the table.
5. When you (to begin) doing your homework yesterday?
6. We (to discuss) the latest news from three till four yesterday.
7. When I (to read).. the newspaper yesterday, I (to find) an interesting article on UFOs,
8. 12, When they (to sail) down the river they (to see) a little island.
9. An old man (to say). he would help me to find the road. He (to take) me to his small cottage at the far end of the street. A fire (to burn).. in the stove when we (to enter) the house. One girl of about eighteen (to prepare).. supper in the kitchen while two other girls still (to do).. something in the kitchen garden near the house. The old man (to invite) me to have supper with them.
3) Write sentences about yourself. What did you do yesterday or what happened yesterday? Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3
GRAMMAR
1) Use the appropriate modal verb (can, may, must, need, to have to, to be to):
a)
1. He ().(to) take the documents to the police station.
2. If you () ..(to) meet her at 6 oclock, you ()..hurry up
3. He ( ).(to) persuade her to accept this offer.
4. You ( )have come so early. We begin working at 11.
5. You () ..to pay for the service.
6. They ( ) ..to meet at the station.
7. He ( )to come because he is ill.
B)
1. "The patient .... to stay in bed for a few days," ordered the doctor.
2. The child had stomach trouble and...................... to take castor oil.
3. I told her she ..... to open the window for a while every day.
4. ....I help you with your coat on?
5. ... I take this book for a little while? I am sorry, but I . return it to the library at once.
6. Alec.......................... practice this sound specially, but the other pupils . not: they all pronounce it properly.
7. They ... come at any time they like between ten and twelve in the morning, but they ... not come if they don't want to.
8. .. I go there right now? Yes, you .....
C) Give a piece of advice using the modal verb should.
E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. TKs child doesn't want to eat soup, (not to give her sweets before dinner) .
2. She makes a lot of spelling mistakes, (to copy passages out of a book) ..
2) Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive, negative or question). Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. We (not to go).. on a tramp last summer.
2. He (to begin) repairing his bicycle in the morning yesterday.
3. What you (to do).. when your sister (to come) home yesterday?
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4. We (to work) the whole morning yesterday.
5. Mother (to cook).. dinner at three o'clock yesterday. She (to finish) cooking at four o'clock yesterday.
6. You (to watch).. I TV yesterday? - - Yes, we (to watch). TV the whole evening yesterday..
7. When I (to come). home from school yesterday, my little brother (to sit) . on the floor with all his toys around him. He (to play).. with them.
8. I (to tell).. the boy to put his toys into the box as he (to make). too much noise.
9. The people in the house (to seem). to be nice people and we (to have) a friendly talk. After supper my 'new friends and I (to go) out into the garden. The moon (to shine). high in the sky, and the night (to be) warm and beautiful. Along the road two boys (to drive) cows and sheep in the direction of the village That evening (to be).. very pleasant, and I shall remember it for a long time.
3) Write sentences about yourself. What did you do yesterday or what happened yesterday? Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4
GRAMMAR
1) Use the appropriate modal verb (can, may, must, need, to have to, to be to):
a)
1. I ( ).. come an hour before and prepare everything.
2. You (). be more careful to your parents.
3. He has been working hard. He ().have a good rest.
4. The refugees ( ).some food and warm clothes.
5. He ( ).to leave the country.
6. We ().be late. Its a very important meeting.
7. () . you take part in the future competition?
B)
1. Do you know this man? He............................ to be our new teacher of history.
2. Who..................... to go to the library to get the new books? I was, but I couldn't because I......... to finish some work at the phonetic laboratory.
3. It is raining. You .. to put on your raincoat.
4.................. you pronounce this sound?
5. You . not have bought this meat-we have everything for dinner.
6. .... we hand in our compositions tomorrow? No, you... not, you .. hand them in after Sunday.
7. ... John really do this today? No, he .... not, he ... do it tomorrow if he likes.
8. You....................... not let this cup fall: it........................... break.
C) Give a piece of advice using the modal verb should.
E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog)
2. The students are unable to follow what I am saying, (not to speak so fast) ....
2) Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive, negative or question). Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. When your father (to come).. home yesterday? He (to come) home at seven o'clock.
2. He (to repair) his bicycle the whole day yesterday.
3. When my father (to come).. home yesterday, my mother (to make) supper
4. Nina (to celebrate) her birthday yesterday. Her room looked beautiful, there (to be) many flowers in it. When I (to come) in, somebody (to play) the piano, two or three pairs (to dance)..
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5. When I (to look)..... out of the window, it (to rain) heavily and people (to hurry).. along the streets.
6. What you (to do) at seven o'clock yesterday? - - I (to have). supper.
7. When I (to come) home yesterday, I (to see). that all my family (to sit).. round the table. Father (to read).. a letter from my uncle who (to live). in Kiev.
8. Where you (to be).. yesterday? I (to be). at home the whole day. How strange. I (to ring).. you up at two o'clock, but nobody (to answer).. Oh, I (to be).. in the garden. I (to read) your book and (not to hear).. the telephone.
9. We (to walk).. down the street in the direction of Mike's house, when we (to see).. him in the window of a bus that (to pass) by. He (to recognize). us, too, I but he could not get off as the bus (to be) overcrowded. We (to be).. very sorry that we (to have) no ; chance to speak to him. But we could do nothing and (to decide) to go back. At that very moment we (to hear) Mike's voice calling us.
3) Write sentences about yourself. What did you do yesterday or what happened yesterday? Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2.
3. .
4.
5.
5
GRAMMAR
1) Use the appropriate modal verb (can, may, must, need, to have to, to be to):
a)
1. Young men ()..serve in the army.
2. He () have asked me before taking my bike.
3. We ()pay more attention to her upbringing.
4. Everybody enjoyed his first film, so the new one ( )..be good.
5. The blouse is very expensive. It ()...cost 4 pounds and not 40.
6. You ()...work on this device its out of order.
7. You ( )have used out of date facts to make a report.
B)
1. She .... to send a telegram because it was too late to send a letter.
2. They decided that she .. to send them a telegram every tenth day.
3. You ... to learn all the new words for the next lesson.
4. Shall I write a letter to him? No, you.............................. not, it is not necessary.
5...................................... you cut something without a knife?
6. Peter........................................ return the book to the library. We all want to read it.
7. Why...................................... not you understand it? it is so easy.
8. ... we do the exercise at once? Yes, you. do it at once.
C) Give a piece of advice using the modal verb should.
E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. You failed your exam. (to study harder next term). ......
2. If you want to recover, you (to follow the doctor's advice.)
2) Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive, negative or question). Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. At five o'clock yesterday Helen (to cook). soup.
2. We (to play). badminton from nine till eleven yesterday.
3. Kate (not to go).. for a walk yesterday. She (to write) a composition the whole day yesterday.
4. What you (to do). at five o'clock yesterday? I (to work).. in the library. I (to be).. there, too, but I (not to see) you.
5. Yesterday I (to work) at my English from five till seven.
6. It (to rain). the whole day yesterday.
7. Where your sister (to be) at 3 oclock yesterday? She (to be) in her room. She (to do) her homework.
8. We (to be).. in a hurry because only twenty minutes (to be)... left before the beginning of the performance.
9. I (to play) the violin when my friend (to come). in. He (to invite). me to the theatre and I (to accept).. the invitation with pleasure.
10. The old man (to invite) me to have supper with them. The people in the house (to seem).. to be nice people and we (to have). a friendly talk. "How funny," one of them (to say), "I (to go).. to your place when I suddenly (to see).. you here. I am so glad to see you.". I (to recognize).. him, too. It (to be) Mike, my old friend from the college. That evening we spent together (to be).. very pleasant, and I shall remember it for a long time.
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3) Write sentences about yourself. What did you do yesterday or what happened yesterday? Use Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1.
2. .
3. .
4.
5.
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can (could), may (might), must, ought, need (Modal Verbs). , .
, , , , . :
can do it himself. .
They may come tonight. , , .
(), , , . . , , , , . .
(Defective Verbs), , . may : can could, may might, must, ought need .
.
| s 3- . He can do it. He may take it. He must go there. He ought to help him. Need he do it? | |
| (, ) | |
| - , , , to ( ought need), . I must go there. . You neednt do it. . : You ought to help him. . | |
| : , not. Can you do it? May I take it? Must he go there? Ought he to help him? Need he do it? He ought not to help him. He need not do it. | |
| ( can could, may might) ( , , ). |
Must
must :
1. , . ,
I must go. .
2. .
You mustn't do it. .
3. - , .
He must have read this book. , , .
2. , .
You must come and see my new flat. .
To have (to)
to have (to) to . ", ".
It was very dark and we had to stay at home. , . I don't have to stay here. .
to be + Infinitive
to be . ", " ..
I wasto meet her at 3 o'clock. 3 . They are to begin this work at once. .
Can / could.
:
can , could .
:
1. . "", "".
She can speak English well but she can't write it at all. () -, .
2. ( ).
Can we go home? ? Yes, you cango. , .
3. , ( ).
You can't speak at the lessons. .
3. ( ).
Can (could) you give me your dictionary? ?
could .
To be able to
to be able + to () can. .
He is able to help you. . He was able to help you. . He will be able to help you. .
may / might
:
may , might .
may :
1. .
You may go. . May I help you? .
2. .
You may not come here. .
3. , .
It may rain today. .
might :
1. .
She said that he might take her book. , .
1. .
He might come. , , .
To be allowed to
To be permitted to
to be allowed to be permitted + to () may.
I am allowed to use this device. ( ) . He will be allowed to use this device. .
Shall
shall , , , .
He shall get his money. . The child shall be punished for it. .
shall .
Shall we begin? ?
Should
should , .
You should see a doctor. .
,
| MUST | , , , | He must be at home. , , . | |
| SHOULD | , | They should all be of equal mass. , . | |
| OUGHT to | , | It ought not to be very hard to find that man. , . | |
| WILL WOULD | , | You′ll have heard of him? , , ? | |
| CAN (COULD) | , , , | You can′t really love me, or you wouldn′t hesitate. , , , . | |
| MAY | , , | I may have said it. ( ). | |
| MIGHT | , | She might have been thirty-five. . | |
| , | Michael laughed and shouted and sang. He might have been fifteen. , . . | ||
| NEED | It needn′t take you very long. . |
Must 100 %
Can
Should/ought to
may
might 10%
