, . , .
[I]. , ,
E = E 0cos(ω t kr); (1)
H = H 0cos(ω t kr); (2)
E H , E 0 H 0 , w , r , k=2p/l . (1) (2), a=w t - kr, .
, . I
(3)
, e . : - .
. , , .
w 1 2, S1 S2 (.1).
1. ( 1 , 2 ).
, , , 2,
E1=E01cos(w t kr 1)
E2=E02cos(w t kr 2),
r 1 r 2 2. ,
E=E1+E2=E0cos(w t +a),
E 0 [1]:
0 2 = 012 + 022 + 2 01 E 02cos(a2a1)
(a2a1) r 2 r 1 :
(a2a1) = k (r 2 r 1) (4)
I ≈ 0 2 ( (3)),
(a2 a1 ¹ const) , - (s(a2 a1)) =0. :
I = I1 + I2
(a2 a1 = const), , . s(a2 a1) =1,
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, (5)
s(a2 a1) =-1,
(6)
, ,
I 1 = I 2, I min = 0 I max = 4 I 1.
, . S 1 . 1 1, S 2 2. (4) 2:
(7)
, k, : l1 = l/n1, l2 = l/n2 (l ). (7) .
D = r2n2 r1n1 . (5)(7) , , ( )
(8)
(8)
-=- 0,1,2... , .
. .
. . S (. 2).
S1 S2, S. S1 S2 , . , , , , . ( ) ( m 1, 2). . , ( ) . , - , .
, [1, 2].
. , , . d
i (.3). ( 1) ( 1¢) ( 1"). , . , . .3 , 1' 1", ,
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(9)
l /2 (9) 1' . (9)
(10)
, , , (. (8) (8)).
, , . i, , .
, , .. . , . D l/2, , .
(10) , D , , , , l, d, i. , i d , .
d S (. 4).
1, 2 3, , i 1, i 2 i 3 1, 2 3, . , . . , ( ), . .
, , . , . , .
, d. 1 2 , q (. 5).
1¢ 1", 2' 2" B 1 2, . , , , .
, , . , q (<1), .
. R (.6).
. 1¢ 1", , . . d . , .
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r , , d. .6 ,
d<<R, d 2
(11)
D, , ,
(12)
d (11),
(13)
, , (13)
(14)
. , . -
(15)
(14) (15) , ( , ).
, , , . l/2 . .
, , .
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