1. ...4
2. ....5
3. .......11
4. ..........15
5. .....17
6. .........17
7. ...18
.
, .
.
, .
.
, () , . , . .
, . ( ) .
, () , ( , ). , , , , , . .
. , ( ) , .
∆f=f-f, , - , ∆f/f, .
|
|
|
: . , : , , , . , . , , , , .
, - () (. 1).
. 1.
, KU, β. [1,2]
, :
U = βU,
:
U = KUU,
.. U = KU βU,
KU = SZ
, KU, β. [1,2]
, :
U = βU,
:
U = KUU,
.. U = KU βU,
KU = SZ
, , :
S β Z ≥ 1
. :
n=0,1,2,3 S, β, Z S, β, Z; ᵠS, ᵠ, ᵠz (ᵠS, ᵠz) (ᵠ).
.
, , ( , ).
. .
[1,2] , (ᵠS, ᵠ, ᵠz) , .
( (ᵠS, ᵠ , ) (. 2), ᵠz Q .
. 2. |Z| ᵠz Q
|
|
|
, Q=150200. . ∆f/f 10-310-4. 10-610-7 .
, ∆f/f. . . , , (E), . , , . 15 , . , 10 9 14.
. . , , , , . . , 200х600.
. ∆f ∆C
f 1;
: =0,001,
: =5,
=12/1+2, 1 2 ,
1=1500 , 2=3810 .
. , ∆f.
. 3.
