13.
, , : .
: T p λ.
.
- :
, | 13.1. |
V - , V . - , λ - , - , T - .
(13.1), , , V - V > 0
:
1. , λ . , . , λ .
2. V V . , 100 760 .. V = 1650 V .
3. - V = , - R - , μ - (R = 8,31103 / K, μ = 18 /).
(13.1) , :
, |
, | (13.2) |
b -
(13.2) - y = ax+b, y = ln p, x = 1/ T a = μλ/ R - .
a ( ln p = f (1/ T)), λ:
λ= aR /μ | (13.3) |
13.2 b = ln p 0. , , :
p = p 0e-μλ/ RT | (13.4) |
.
. 13.1. , 220 . .
, . ( ) ( ).
. 13.1 |
.
-- - (I ), (II ), , (III ). .
|
|
, .. .
, . , , .
H 1 . .
I H .
h h - , h = h + h , = H h (h h - ).
1. : I. , , .
2. .
3. .
: "" , , .
4. , H
5. , , .
H, . . | h , . . | h , . . | h= h + h , . . | = H h . . | t ºC | =(273,15+t),K | |
6. .
7. , II, .. . , III, h , h t ºC.
8. 7, 700 . (, 2-30)
9. , .
10. = f (p) ln p = f (1/ T)
11. a - ln P = f (1/T) Δ a. λ (13.3) Δλ.
12. . , , . . 75 , . III t ºC, h , h . , , 2. II, , III t ºC, h , h . , .
|
|
ln p = f (1/T) , - a -Δ a. a, λ = aR /μ, , Δλ a: Δλ = Δ a (R /μ). R μ , .
- : H, h , h , p, T
- = f (p)
- ln p = f (1/ T).
- a - , c .
- λ Δλ.
- .
s ?
s , ?
s ?
s ?
s ?