Countries, languages and nationalities

Names of countries, nationalities and languages, for example, Brazil/Brazilian, Canada/Canadian,

China/Chinese, France/French, Ireland/Irish, India/Indian, Italy/Italian, Spain/Spanish, etc.

Continents

Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America.

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Appendix 2

Affixes

The words in the alphabetical list may be extended by the use of one or more of these affixes:

mini- with nouns, sometimes without a hyphen, e.g. minibus, mini-tour

non- with nouns and adjectives, e.g. non-essential

re- with verbs and their related nouns, usually without a hyphen,

e.g. rename, renaming

self- with nouns and adjectives, e.g. self-importance, self-confident

un- negative prefix, e.g. unsafe

-able with verbs, to form adjectives, e.g. affordable

-ed (-d) with verbs, to form adjectives, e.g. limited, used

-er (-r) with verbs, to form nouns, e.g. teacher, advertiser; shopper, also

comparative forms, e.g. brighter

-ese for nationalities/languages, e.g. Japanese

-ess referring to a woman or female animal, e.g. princess, lioness

N.B. it is less common to refer to women in this way nowadays,

and usually safer to use the ‘standard’ form e.g. actor, author

-est superlative forms, e.g. tallest

-ful with nouns, for amount contained, e.g. spoonful; with nouns to form

adjectives denoting characteristics or qualities, e.g. painful, peaceful

-ing with verbs, for activity or state, e.g. reading, frightening

-ish for nationalities or languages, e.g. Swedish; with nouns to form

adjectives, e.g. childish

-ist with nouns, for occupations, e.g. novelist, guitarist

-less with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. breathless

-ly with adjectives to form adverbs, e.g. seriously; with nouns to form

adjectives, e.g. friendly

-ment with verbs to form nouns, e.g. enjoyment

-or with verbs to form nouns, for people, e.g. inventor

-y with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. hairy, sunny

Page 39

Appendix 3

Topic Lists

Clothes and Accessories

backpack

belt

blouse

boot

button

cap

cloth

(rain) coat

collar

cotton

dress

dry cleaning

earring

fashion

fasten

fit (v)

fold (v)

glasses

glove

go with (phr v)

handbag

handkerchief

hat

jacket

jeans

jewellery

knit

laundry

leather

lipstick

make-up

match (v)

material

old-fashioned

(adj)

pants

pattern

perfume

plastic

pocket

pullover

put on

pyjamas

raincoat

shirt

shoe

shorts

silk

size

skirt

sleeve(less)

socks

suit

sweater

sweatshirt

swimming

costume

take off

tie

tights

tracksuit

trainers

trousers

T-shirt

sweatshirt

swimsuit

try on

underpants

umbrella

uniform

wear (out)

wool(len)

Colours

(dark/light/pale)

black

blue

brown

gold

green

grey

orange

pink

purple

red

silver

yellow

white

Communications and Technology

access

address

airmail

by post

calculator

call (v)

call back

CD (player)

CD-Rom

chat (v)

chat room

click (v)

computer

connect

connection

delete

dial

dial up

digital