. , , . , . , . . , , -. : , -.
: tr/ list1 / list2 / modifiers
y/ list1 / list2 / modifiers
list1 list2. . / a-z. =~ !~. , , :
$test = 'ABCDEabcde';
$test =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/; #
, $_. , :
$_ = 'ABCDEabcde';
tr/A-Z/a-z/;
// , q-. list1 , list2 , tr(A-Z)[a-z] tr<A-Z>/a-z/.
tr. y sed . :
tr. y sed . :
| c | , list1. |
| d | , . |
| s | . |
| U | / UTF-8. |
| C | / . |
c , list1. , tr/a-zA-Z/ /c , , .
, list2 , list1, , , list1 ( ). d : list1, list2, . , tr/a-zA-Z//cd , .
sed : (PATTERN BUFFER) (HOLD BUFFER). sed ; . , .
|
|
|
s : , . , tr/ / /s .
C U UTF-8 . , . , tr/\0-\xFF//CU UTF-8, tr/\0-\xFF//UC .
, eval(), :
eval "tr/$oldlist/$newlist/";
sed : . .
:\`h', `H', `x', `g', `G' `D' h -
H -
x -
g -
G -
D -
N - ,
P -
sed, .
y/ source-chers / dest-chars /
source-chers dest-chars. , source-chers dest-chars. source-chers dest-chars . ,
echo | sed y//gul/
guggl
l
: , ; ( ); $ ( ). ,
$ echo "" | sed -n l
\366\325\326\326\301\314\311\342\301\302\317\336\313\311\366\325\326\
\326\301\314\311\342\301\302\317\336\313\311$
.
r filename
filename . filename , , ═ .
w filename
filename ( , ).
|
|
|
