TCP/IP IP. IP , IP , . IP - , . IP- IP , .
IP- () , IP.
4 IP 0 255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255. IP - , 32 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001 4 192.168.0.1.
:
1. IP
IP , Windows XP ipconfig (. 6.2).
. 6.2. IP
Windows 7 (. 6.3).
. 6.3. IP : IPv4 IPv6
2 ().
IP- . , , , :
101101102 = (127)+(026)+(125)+(124)+(023)+(122)+(121)+(020) = 128+32+16+4+2 = 18210 , Windows-. Windows-7 ---, - (. 6.4 5).
. 6.4. (Bin)
. 6.5. (Dec)
: 10101012 = 8510.
:
1. ?
2. IP ?
3. DHCP ?
4. HTTP ?
10-11
TCP/IP
: TCP/IP
, :
:
- .
:
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:
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( ) , , IP- , . , IP- 12.34.56.78 255.255.255.0 12.34.56.0/24 24 254 (. 6.6).
. 6.6. ( LAN Calculator)
|
|
IP . Windows 7 , , IP Subnet Calculator 3.2.1. , (. 6.7). , IP- 12.34.56.78 255.255.255.0 12.34.56.0/24 24 254. IP- Windows 7 Advanced IP Address calculator (. 6.8).
. 6.7. IP Subnet Calculator
. 6.8. Advanced IP Address calculator
IP "". "1", IP- . "0", IP- . (1+1=1, 1+0=0) 1.
IP-
, - , .
A.
A , - . - 16777214. - 11111111. 00000000. 00000000. 00000000 (255.0.0.0).
B.
B , - . - 65534.
- 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000 (255.255.0.0).
.
C , . - 254.
- 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (255.255.255.0).
, IP- , A, B C :
A | 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 | 255.0.0.0 |
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 | 255.255.0.0 | |
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 | 255.255.255.0 |
CIDR.