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IP IPv4




TCP/IP IP. IP , IP , . IP - , . IP- IP , .

IP- () , IP.

4 IP 0 255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255. IP - , 32 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001 4 192.168.0.1.

:

1. IP

IP , Windows XP ipconfig (. 6.2).


. 6.2. IP

Windows 7 (. 6.3).


. 6.3. IP : IPv4 IPv6

2 ().

IP- . , , , :

101101102 = (127)+(026)+(125)+(124)+(023)+(122)+(121)+(020) = 128+32+16+4+2 = 18210 , Windows-. Windows-7 ---, - (. 6.4 5).


. 6.4. (Bin)


. 6.5. (Dec)

: 10101012 = 8510.

:

1. ?

2. IP ?

3. DHCP ?

4. HTTP ?

10-11

TCP/IP

: TCP/IP

 

, :

:

- .

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- ;

- ;

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()

( ) , , IP- , . , IP- 12.34.56.78 255.255.255.0 12.34.56.0/24 24 254 (. 6.6).


. 6.6. ( LAN Calculator)

IP . Windows 7 , , IP Subnet Calculator 3.2.1. , (. 6.7). , IP- 12.34.56.78 255.255.255.0 12.34.56.0/24 24 254. IP- Windows 7 Advanced IP Address calculator (. 6.8).


. 6.7. IP Subnet Calculator


. 6.8. Advanced IP Address calculator

IP "". "1", IP- . "0", IP- . (1+1=1, 1+0=0) 1.



IP-

, - , .

A.

A , - . - 16777214. - 11111111. 00000000. 00000000. 00000000 (255.0.0.0).

B.

B , - . - 65534.

- 11111111. 11111111. 00000000. 00000000 (255.255.0.0).

.

C , . - 254.

- 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (255.255.255.0).

, IP- , A, B C :

A 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.0
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.0
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.0

CIDR.





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