- , . - , . , - , .
Split horizon ( )
,
Route poisoning poison reverse
, , .
, , - , , . , , . , - , .
IP TTL ( IP) Time to live
- IP- TTL
- TTL
19.
( )
( )
O ospf
SPF shortest path first ( )
QoS
OSPF
OSPF (. Open Shortest Path First) ,
(link-state technology)
(Dijkstras
algorithm).
OSPF
(Interior Gateway Protocol IGP). OSPF
.
OSPF :
|
|
|
( RIP2,
- 30);
(VLSM);
( ,
);
(.
);
.
1. hello- ,
OSPF. ,
, ,
, hello-.
2.
,
( ).
, hello-
, , hello-. OSPF
.
, ,
.
3.
, .
4. , ,
.
5. ,
.
6. ,
,
. .
7.
.
20. OSI
( ) , :
: TCP, UDP, SPX
/ ( datagram)
TCP/IP
Transmission control protocol (TCP)
User datagram protocol (UDP)
( : USB, COM, PS/2 ..)
IP-
TCP UDP (): TCP1750 ≠ UDP1750
|
|
|
2 :
TCP (UDP) , ( ),
TCP (UDP) ,
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
o ( )
